ANATOMY OF THE PITUITARY BODY 



no anatomical or functional alteration of the interstitial cells; 

 in such animals, castration changes of a moderate grade are 

 also apparent in the pars glandularis (Schenk, 1927; Witschi, 

 Levine, and Hill, 1932; Deschn, 1933-34). In the female rat, 

 after irradiation of the ovaries, castration changes in the 

 pituitary do not appear unless there has followed a complete 

 suppression of oestrin secretion (Levine and Witschi, 1933). 

 xAll these observations seem to show that typical castration 

 changes in the pars glandularis depend partly on the removal 

 of the germinal epithelium; data discussed in other chapters, 

 however, indicate that the presence or absence of the inter- 

 stitial tissue is also of importance. 



Unquestionably, among mammals so far investigated, cas- 

 tration changes in the pituitary are most readily, and most 

 constantly, observed in the rat. A summary of the views of 

 different authors can be found in the paper by Stein (1933); 

 not included in his bibliography are the reports of Majima 

 (1926) and Maeda (1931) (rabbit), Werner (1929) (guinea 

 pig), and Andriani (1925) (dog). According to recent reports, 

 no "typical" castration-cells or increased number of baso- 

 phils can be found in the pituitary of gonadectomized guinea 

 pigs (Severinghaus, 1932), whereas in the pituitary of the 

 spayed rabbit there occurs a marked increase in the propor- 

 tion of basophils (Smith, Severinghaus, and Leonard, 1933). 



Other aspects of the physiological anatomy of the pituitary. — 

 The pituitary of the woodchuck {Marmota monax) has been 

 studied by Rasmussen (1921) before, during, and after hiber- 

 nation. No important difference was found in comparisons 

 of the pituitary before and during hibernation. In the spring, 

 with the appearance of oestrus, however, there was an in- 

 crease in pituitary size amounting to one-third, despite three 

 months' starvation (hibernation with or without subsequent 

 starvation) and great activity (rutting). There was also 

 found a threefold increase in the number of basophils in com- 



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