THE PITUITARY BODY 



water and salts. — Camus and Roussy (1914, 1920, 1922), 

 Leschke (1919), Houssay, Carulla, and Romana (1920), 

 Bailey and Bremer (1921), and Curtis (1924) have particular- 

 ly studied the production of polyuria by means of injuries of 

 the hypothalamus. Little can be said about the localization 

 of such injuries beyond the statement that they are best made 

 in the para-infundibular region of the tuber cinereum and 

 may be very minute. '"^ It is reasonably certain that the pro- 

 duction of polyuria by such lesions is not related to any effect 

 on the pars neuralis, pars intermedia, or pars glandularis, be- 

 cause the same effect can be produced after complete hypo- 

 physectomy (Houssay and others, Curtis).'-'^ In dogs or men 

 with lesions of the hypothalamus associated with diabetes 

 insipidus, the pituitary body may be normal anatomically 

 (Bailey and Bremer, 1921; Fulton and Bailey, 1928-29). On 

 the other hand, if there is extensive destruction of the tuber 

 cinereum, no polyuria is present (Towne, 1922; Bourquin, 

 1927; Fulton and Bailey). xApparently either polydipsia or 

 polyuria may be the first symptom; both symptoms may 

 then persist for months or may disappear after a few weeks 

 or even after a few days. The polyuria is as readily produced 

 in dogs with denervated kidneys as in those with normal kid- 

 neys (Bailey and Bremer, 1921; Houssay and Rubio, 1923). 

 From acute experiments in which blood from dogs was cir- 

 culated through isolated kidneys, Verney (1926) concluded 

 that blood returning from the head caused a lessened rate of 

 urinary secretion and an increased concentration of chloride 



'■* Hanchett (1922) found that if traction was applied to the stalk, polyuria 

 usually followed. 



's Richter (1934) reported that a permanent diabetes insipidus was produced in 

 rats if all the posterior lobe and only part of the anterior lobe of the pituitary were 

 removed. His belief that the removal of the posterior lobe is a factor in the experi- 

 mental production of diabetes insipidus is not supported by the observations (1) that 

 diabetes insipidus can be produced after complete hypophysectomy, and (2) that 

 the removal of the posterior lobe from dogs may not be followed by a polyuria. He 

 had also found previously (1930) that a puncture-injury, located in the hypothala- 

 mus at the level of the anterior margin of the pars glandularis, could produce a 

 marked permanent polyuria and polydipsia. 



[74] 



