THE PITUITARY AND THE THYROID 



co-workers, 1932). Observations in the dog (Bueno and 

 Barnes, 1933; Houssay and Artundo, 1933; and Zajic, 1935) 

 with the exception of those of Gaebler (1933, 1935) agreed 

 that there was no effect following treatment by anterior pitui- 

 tary extract if the thyroid had been removed. On the other 

 hand, Gaebler observed a marked calorigenic response after 

 the subcutaneous injection of an anterior-lobe (ox) extract 

 into dogs which had been thyroparathyroidectomized (very 

 little accessory tissue was found at necropsy). The effect, 

 which was comparable to that following the intravenous in- 

 jection of thyroxin, was thought not to be due to the foreign 

 protein in the extract. Schoedel (1933) compared the effects 

 of thyrotropic hormone and of thyroid on the basal meta- 

 bolism of the guinea pig. In the rat, apparently, extracts may 

 cause a considerable rise in the basal metabolism without 

 accompanying microscopic indications of increased thyroid 

 activity except in the hypophysectomized rat or in the normal 

 rat receiving other treatment (Anderson and Collip, 1933-34; 

 Fluhmann, 1933; and Szarka,'^ 1933)- 



The older clinical literature dealing with the pituitary and 

 basal metabolism contains many observations which cannot 

 be classified because the results were equivocal or the data 

 were insufficient. For example, the clinical diagnosis may 

 have been uncertain or the potency and specificity of the 

 preparation used may not have been convincingly deter- 

 mined. Recently, however, purified thyrotropic hormone or 

 anterior-lobe extract has been administered to man; as a re- 

 sult, the basal metabolic rate was elevated as much as 59 per 

 cent (Eitel and Loeser, 1932; Feuling, 1933; Strieck, 1933; 

 Jonas, 1934; Sylla, 1934; and Thompson and others, 1935). 



Verzar and Wahl (1931), Peter (1934), and Schoedel (1934) 

 concluded that anterior pituitary extracts lowered the basal 

 metabolic rate of thyroidectomized guinea pigs and rats. 

 Gonadectomy did not prevent this effect. 



'^ Also see p. 99. 



[269] 



