94 INTERNAL SECRETIONS 



abdomen. Sometimes material kept frozen at — i8°F. for 

 as long as 30 days after the death of the animal was used 

 without the potency seeming to be affected. The cases treated 

 were of a very different order, and included neurasthenia, 

 senility, asthma, different chronic nervous diseases, testicular 

 atrophy, rheumatism and diabetes. Some of the treated men 

 stated that their eyesight was improved, that they experienced 

 a renewed joy in living and an increased energy, besides other 

 beneficial effects. Stanley concluded from his experiments 

 that animal testicular substance injected into the human body 

 really produces definite effects. 



One can scarcely say that these experiments on men provide 

 proof of a specific testicular internal secretion. But positive 

 results in replacing the specific influence of the sexual glands 

 on the sex characters by means of injection were obtained by 

 Bouin and Ancel in experiments on guinea pigs and in the 

 experiments of Pezard on cocks. Bouin and Ancel (1906) gave 

 to three guinea pigs castrated when two to four weeks old, sub- 

 cutaneous injections of an extract from retained testicles of 

 mammals. The extract was prepared with glycerine and water, 

 and injections were made every two days. The experiment 

 lasted nine months. It was found that the penis and the 

 vesiculae seminales were much more developed than in ordinary 

 "castrates." The striking way in which the penis and the 

 vesiculae seminales of the guinea pig react to castration may 

 be recalled, as well as the marked difference between, for in- 

 stance, the length of the vesiculae seminales of a normal and a 

 prepuberally castrated adult guinea pig {Figs. 12 and 13). Now 

 Bouin and Ancel found that the length of the vesiculae seminales 

 of the injected animals was not only greater than in " castrates," 

 but that in one case the length shown by a control normal 

 animal was nearly attained. Moreover, they measured 

 various bones, and claim to have found differences between 

 normal and castrated animals, whereas the proportions in the 

 injected animals were like those in the normal; but in my 

 judgment the differences are very small. It is the same with 

 another experiment performed by Bouin and Ancel with the 

 purpose of studying the body weight of injected guinea pigs. 

 (1906 b). They found that the injected animals had about the 

 same weight as normal ones, whereas the "castrates" weighed 

 less. But the question as to the body weight after castration 



