88 INTERNAL SECRETIONS 



disturbance of some other endocrine gland. From what Stahel 

 communicated at the meeting of the Society for Sexual Reform 

 held in Berlin in 192 1 it seems clear that in homosexuality- 

 good results are very rare. We shall discuss this side of the 

 question in another chapter. 



Heterotransplantations have also been attempted several 

 times in man. Stanley and Kelker (1920, 192 1) have reported 

 on an experiment with implantation of rams' testicles; the 

 glands were laid in the pampiniform plexus or imbedded in the 

 fascia overlying the rectus muscle of the abdomen. But the 

 grafts always became necrotic and were gradually absorbed. 

 Falcone (1920) transplanted rams' testicles in the abdominal 

 wall of three men, 53 to 74 years of age, all of them sexually 

 impotent. All the patients showed remarkable improvement 

 in regard to sexual behaviour and general health ; in two cases 

 an increased sexual excitability was observed. The men did 

 not know what effect was to be expected from the graft, so 

 suggestion was excluded. Their own testicles increased in size. 



I observed during several months a patient into whom the 

 testicle of a goat had been engrafted by Krause in our Institute; 

 the graft was made on the scarified surface of the m. rect. 

 abdom. There was a definite erotising influence, which began 

 a few days after the operation, and lasted for several months. 

 The graft disappeared some weeks after the operation. 



A great number of very successful testicular grafts were 

 made from ape to man by Voronoff (1923, 1924) and by Thorek 

 (1923). The observations of these authors leave no doubt that 

 a testicular graft from certain anthropoids can survive in the 

 human body for several months, and possibly even for years, 

 exhibiting a normal hormonic activity. 



A great number of ovarian transplantations have been made 

 during the last twenty-five years in the lower mammals as well 

 as in women. There is no need to give a detailed account of the 

 question as it has already been discussed by various authors 

 [see especially Biedl, pp. 280-2; Stacker (1916); Unterberger 

 (1918)]. It may be mentioned that the atrophy of the uterus 

 and of the tubes does not take place when an auto- or homoio- 

 transplantation of the ovary is made {Figs. 47-49). Athias 

 (19 19) has stated that the functional alterations undergone by 

 the uterus of the guinea pig after castration, are prevented by 

 subcutaneous transplantation of ovaries. It seems very 



