INTERNAL SECRETION OF OVARY 237 



not been previously castrated. According to him the con- 

 dition of an ovarian graft in the male is not different from that 

 in the female (19 10). 



A large number of observations on ovarian grafts have been 

 made with the special purpose of investigating the bearing 

 of the ovar}^ on the production of sexual hormones. Steinach 

 (1912) transplanted into young castrated male rats and guinea 

 pigs immature ovaries without ripened follicles, and observed 

 all the changes characteristic of the normal ovary up to forma- 

 tion of corpora lutea. This condition lasted only a few months ; 



Fig. 108. — Section through ovary engrafted a year previously on a 

 castrated male, x 25. Mostly follicles undergoing atresia. — 

 From Steinach. 



the older the graft, the smaller was the number of the follicles 

 attaining ripeness. There is finally, according to Steinach, an 

 atresia of almost all follicles in the ovarian graft (Figs. 107, 

 108.) By this a marked hypertrophy of the interstitial 

 tissue is caused, the cells of the granulosa being transformed 

 into cells from which all transitions to lutein cells are to be 

 seen. vSimilar experiments were made hy Athias (1915, 1916 a, 

 1916 b). He found even eight and a half months after trans- 

 plantation, besides atretic follicles, a great number of primary 

 follicles. The ovaries transplanted by Athias were taken from 

 adult animals, whereas those of Steinach were, from young 

 ones ; it may be that the condition of the ovarian graft depends 



