GENE MUTATIONS 



ROUGH, ro (v/ings). This mutant appeared in the 

 summer of 1934 in the progeny of a wild-type 

 female that had been X-rayed (dosage about 3500 

 R units). In this mutant type the fourth radi- 

 us vein is absent and the adjacent veins are 

 roughened (Fig. 6). It is female fertile with 

 males of normal viability. 



VEINLESS, vl (wings). The veins of the wing 

 are partially or wholly missing in this mutant, 

 so that the major portion of the wing appears 

 as an unbroken translucent structure. There is 

 some variation in this mutant, but it is always 

 distinguishable from wild-type (Fig. 7). Both 

 sexes are fertile and of normal viability. 



ELONGATE, eg (wings). In this mutant the first 

 radial cell of the primary wings is elongated, 

 and the outer margin of the wing is indented at 

 the juncture of the third radius vein and the 

 outer margin of the wing (Fig. 6). Both sexesi 

 are fully fertile and viable. 



CRUMPLED, cp (wings). In- this mutation the in- 

 ner margin of the primary v/ings is not rigid 

 and the entire wing surface is folded in a 

 wave-like pattern giving the appearance of be- 

 ing crumpled (Fig. 6). The females are fully 

 fertile, and the males are of normal viability. 

 (Discarded) 



CLIPPED, cd (wings). Here the primary wings 

 are mere stubs with venation completely broken 

 up. There is no wing pattern or variation in 

 the mutant as the wing is so reduced that it 

 completely obscures any classification of the 



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