Index 



865 



Arthropods, hormones and metabolism in, 

 759 



ionic regulation in, 84 



ions in body fluids in, 82, 83 



luminescence in, 663 



motor innervation in, 596 



nerve conduction in, 784, 785 



nervous regulation of heart in, 559 



ocelli in, 391 



oxygen transport in, 326 



pH of digestive organs, 152 



phonoreception in, 492 



photic behavior of, 392 



proteinases of, 161 



terrestrial, osmoregulation in, 55-58 



tracheae in, 222 

 Ascaris, osmotic regulation in, 17 

 Ascidia mentula, osmotic adjustment in, 14 

 Ascidians, heart in, 551 



ions in body fluids in, 83 



nervous regulation of heart in, 559 



oxygen withdrawal by, 252 



vanadium chromogens in, 305 

 Ascorbic acid, 130 



Aspartic acid, structural formula, 119 

 Astacus, blood chloride in, 86, 88 



breathing movements in, 263 



changes in body fluids in, 85 



electrocardiogram from, 555 

 Asterias, osmotic adjustment in, 14 

 Astigmatism, 395 

 Atropine, 540 



action of, 561 



effect on visceral muscles, 606 



regulation of heart and, 548 

 Attagenas, essential amino acids for, 117 

 Autotrophic organisms, 113 

 Avena, carotenoids in, 409 



Babak's law, 683 



Bacteria, thiamine requirements in, 123 



Balance, ionic, 94 



water. See Water balance. 

 Balanoglossids, peripheral nervous system 



in, 810 

 Baldes-Hill method of measurement of 



osmotic pressure, 8 

 Barger's method of measurement of os- 

 motic pressure, 8 

 Basal metabolic rate in homoiotherms, 370. 



See also Metabolism, basal. 

 Bats, hearing in, 491 

 Bees, body temperature in, 356 



brain in, 817 



oxygen consumption in, 233, 234 



sensillum placodeum in, 457 

 Beetles, dietary factors of, 136 

 Behavior, development of, 827 

 Betaine, chromatophores in cephalopods 



and, 690 



Bioluminescence, 660-676 

 control of, 671 

 extracellular, 660 

 functional significance of, 673 

 intracellular, 660, 671 

 mechanism of, 667 

 occurrence of, 661 

 physical characteristics of, 666 

 Biotin, 128 



Birds, androgens in, 744 

 body temperatures in, 362 

 cerebellum in, 832 

 chemoreception in, 456 

 conditioned responses in, 845 

 digestive secretion in, 156 

 erythrocytes in, 295 

 forebrain in, 836 

 fovea in, 401 



hemoglobin content in, 295 

 kidney in, 48, 58 

 lungs in, 221 

 migration in, 371 



hormones and, 766 

 nitrogen excretion in, 195, 200 

 osmoregulation in, 58 

 phonoreception in, 490 

 respiratory characteristics of blood, 307 

 respiratory control in, 258 

 respiratory responses in, 267 

 seasonal color changes in, 765 

 temperature regulation in, chemical 



mechanisms, 369 

 uricolytic enzymes in, 204 

 visual field in, 400 

 Blacktongue, 127 

 Bladder, gas, 218 

 Blind spot, 396 

 Blindness, color, 437 

 Blood, ammonia in, 187 



carbon dioxide content, 329, 330 

 cells, red. See Erythrocytes. 

 circulation of, 531-575 

 concentration of, in fresh-water verte- 

 brates, 52 

 ions in. See Ions, inorganic. 

 mammalian, reactions to carbon dioxide 



transport in, 331 

 oxygen capacity of, 306 

 pigments, oxygen tension and, 247. See 



also Pigments. 

 pressure, in closed systems, 534 



in open systems, 540 



measurement and regulation, 534 



values in various animals, 538 

 proteins in, concentration in, 103, 104 



pigments as, 334 



size of, 105 

 respiratory characteristics of in various 



animals, 307-309 

 salinity of. See Osyiwregulation. 



