i2 4 4 



HANDBOOK OF PHYSIOLOGY 



CIRCULATION II 



(g) Wegener's granulomatosis and lethal 

 midline granuloma of the face 

 (2) Cutaneous syndromes 

 1 a ) Acute parapsoriasis 



(b) Nodular allergid of Gougerot 



(c) Allergic granulomatosis 

 d \llcrgic microbid 



(e) Erythema elevatum diutinum 



(f) Malignant atropic papulosus of Degos 



4. Ergotism 



5. Collagen diseases 



a. Dermatomyositis 



b. Disseminated lupus erythematosus 



c. Periarteritis nodosa 



d. Scleroderma 



6. Hypertensive vascular disease 



7. Arterial thrombosis 



a. Associated with infectious diseases 



b. Associated with blood dyscrasias 



c. Secondary to trauma or compression (Volk- 

 mann's contracture, shoulder girdle syndrome) 



d. Secondary to surgery 



e. Associated with parturition 



f. Associated with cardiac insufficiency 



g. Associated with slowed blood stream 

 h. Associated with exposure to radiation 

 i. Idiopathic 



8. Abscess of wall of artery 

 q. Cold injuries 



a. Chilblains (pernio) 



b. Cold urticaria 



c. Frostbite 



d. Immersion foot 



e. Trenchfoot 



10. Livedo reticularis 



1 1 . Arterial embolism 



a. Thrombus 



b. Fat 



c. Air 



d. Bacterial 



e. Neoplastic 



f. Fungus 



g. Inorganic substances 



12. Ainhum 



13. Blood agglutination 



a. Dyscrasias (polycythemia, leukemia, thrombotic 

 thrombocytopenic purpura) 



b. Cold reactions (possible cold agglutinins, cryo- 

 globulinemia) 



c. Idiopathic (necrotizing acrocyanosis) 



d. Massive venous thrombosis 

 B. Nonocclusive (organic) 



1 . Aneurysm 



a. Congenital 



b. Syphilitic 



c. Arteriosclerotic 



d. Mycotic 



e. Traumatic 



f. Embolic 



g. Idiopathic 



2. Arteriovenous anastomosis (fistula) 

 a. Congenital 



b. Traumatic 



c. Secondary to malignancy 



d. Secondary to bacterial infections 



e. Secondary to fungus infections 



3. Congenital anomalies of artery 



4. Trauma of artery 



5. Shoulder girdle syndromes 



6. Rupture of artery 



7 I.ffects of exposure to radiation 

 8. Nonocclusive arteritis 



Diseases Primarily Affecting the Veins 



I. FUNCTIONAL CONDITIONS 



A. Spasms 



II. ORGANIC CONDITIONS (STRUCTURAL) 



A . Occlusive 



1. Thrombophlebitis and venous thrombosis (phlebo- 

 thrombosis) 



a. Primary 



(1) Thromboangiitis obliterans 



(2) Migratory thrombophlebitis 



(3) Essential or idiopathic, local 



b. Secondary to 



( 1 ) Mechanical injury 



(2) Muscular effort or strain 



(3) Chemical injury 



(4) Inflammatory or suppurative lesions (etio- 

 logic agent to be indicated) 



(5) Infectious diseases 



(6) Severe ischemia 



( 7 ) Varices 



(8) Blood dyscrasias 

 (a) Polycythemia 



lb) Myelogenous leukemia 

 (c) Lymphatic leukemia 

 id) Pernicious anemia 



(e) Disturbances of blood clotting mech- 

 anism 

 ill Other blood dyscrasias 



(9) Cardiac insufficiency 

 (10) Carcinoma 



2. Neoplastic invasion of vein 



3. Venous compression by 



a. Gravid uterus 



b. Neoplasm 



c. Aneurysm 



d. Scar tissue 



e. Scalenus amicus syndrome 



f. Hyperabduction syndrome 



g. Fractures 



h. Dislocations 



i. Increased intra-abdominal pressure (ascites) 



4. Postphlebitic syndrome 



B. Nonocclusive 



1 . Varicose veins 



a. Primary 



b. Secondary to 



( 1 ) Posture 



(2) Occupation 



(3) Clothing 



