i?5 c 



HANDBOOK OF PHYSIOLOGY 



CIRCULATION II 



terminal, definition, 891 

 terminal, vasomotion of, 897 

 vasomotion in, 8g6, 900 

 Arterioportal anastomoses 



in liver, 922 

 Arteriovenous anastomoses 

 abnormal description, 1 256 

 blood How and, 1261 

 body temperature and, 921 

 classification, 1251 



collateral circulation and, 1257, 1261 

 compared to A-V bridges, 92 1 

 criteria, 909 

 factors affecting, 972 

 graphic reconstruction, 1253 

 in cochlea, 916 

 in conjunctiva, 908-910 

 in ilial submucosa, 907 

 in lungs, 880 



in panniculus carnosus, 902 

 in rabbit ears, 92 1 

 in skeletal muscle, 902, 1358 

 in stomach, 905 

 in submucosal plexus, 906 

 in tongue, 1254 

 in various tissues, 921 

 microcirculation and, 899 

 nor m, il 



development, 1254 



distribution, 1252 



factors affecting, 1 255 



fate, 1254 



function, 1252 



role, 1256 



size, 1252 



structure, 1252 

 opening of, blood flow and, 1257 

 precapillary, 1251 

 spontaneous rhythm, 92 1 

 structure, 880, 92 1 

 temperature regulation and, 922 

 traumatic or surgically induced, 1257 

 wall structure, 880 

 Arteriovenous bridges 

 blood flow in, 918 

 compared to arteriovenous anasto- 

 moses, 92 1 

 description, 918 

 Arteriovenous communications 

 cutaneous arterial spider, 1256 

 fistula, musical qualities of, 859 

 fistula, traumatic, 1257 

 in rabbit ear, 1255 

 in spleen, 912 



normally occurring, 1252-1256 

 surgically induced, 1257 

 Arteriovenous pathways 



antimesenteric area, anastomoses in, 



905 

 arcuate patterns in terminal vascular 



bed, 897 

 definitions, 891 



in bat wing, 895-898 



in bulbar conjunctiva, 908-910 



in cochlea, 915-918 



in hamster cheek pouch, 900 



in lung, 913-915 



in mesentery, 900 



in myocardium, 903-904 



in rabbit ear, 898-goo 



in skeletal muscle, 900-903 



in skin, 904 



in spleen, g 10-9 13 



in stomach and intestine, go4-go8 



structure of in terminal vascular beds, 



895-923 



techniques for microscopic observation 

 of, 892-895 



through terminal vascular beds, 923 

 Artificial membranes 



filtration coefficients through, 992 

 Artificial perfusion 



pressure gradients, resistance change 

 and, 1089 

 Artificial respiration 



lymph flow and, 1052 

 Ascites 



liver, lymphatics and, 1051 

 Atherogenesis 



chickens and, 1201 



cholesterol-induced, 1201 



cholesterol-induced corticoids and, 

 1202 

 Atherogenic diets 



thyroid activity and, 1 200 

 Atheromatous lesion 



accumulation of lipophages, 1 1 70 

 Atherosclerosis 



/-epinephrine and, 1202 

 Atheroma 



derivation of constituents, 1188 



lipid constituents, 1 188 

 Atherosclerosis 



adipose tissue and, 11 73- 1175 



adrenocortical activity and, 1201 



alloxan diabetes and, 1 201 



anterior pituitary hormones and, 1 202 



basic vascular lesions, 1 1 g8 



blood clotting and, ii8g-iigo 



blood lipids and, 11 87-1 189 



chickens 



production of, 1201 

 sex differences, 1204 



coronary heart disease and, 1 1 98 



complications, 11 98 



definition, 1 167, 1 197 



diabetes and, 1 187, 1200 



diet and, 1 171-1 172 



dietary fats and, 1 167 



elastic tissue and, 1168 



emotional factors and, 1 198 



emotional stress and, 1208 



etiology of, 1 1 67 



experimental 



hyaluronidase and, 1202 



in rabbit, 1 i6g 

 factors affecting, Ii8g 

 fat absorption, digestion and, 1 1 72- 



"73 



feeding patterns and, 1207 

 foam cells and, 1 168 

 heredity and, 1205-1206 

 hormones and, 1 197-1205 

 hypertensive patients and, 1169 

 hypothyroidism and, 1 187 

 ingestion of food and, 1 171 

 initial lesion, 1 168 

 insulin and, 1200 

 interplay of factors, 1208 

 lipid metabolism and, 1 167-1190 

 lipoprotein diffusion and, 1046 

 metabolic disturbance in, 1197 

 pathogenesis, 1 168-1 1 7 1 

 pathology, 1 168 

 physical activity and, 1206 

 serum cholesterol level and, 1 197 

 serum lipids and, 11 75-1 180 

 sex differences, 1 203-1 204 

 sex hormones and, 1203 

 special manifestations, 1 188 

 species differences, 1 205 

 strain differences, 1205 

 stress and, 1206-1208 

 thrombus formation and, 1 189 

 Atria 



contraction, valve closure and, 781 

 filling 



changes of venous return and, 786 



during ventricular systole, 786 



factors controlling, 787 



pericardium and, 7g3 



ventricular contraction and, 788, 794 



X wave and, 786 

 function of, 769 

 left and right compared, 789 

 muscle fascicles, 1518 

 myocardial fibers in, 1518 

 pressures 



characteristics, 776 



complex graphical analysis of, 1 1 1 8 



drop after contraction, 776 



lymph flow and, 1052 



pulmonary edema and, 1052 



recording of, 776 



V point, 776 

 X point, 776 



Y point, 776 

 Z point, 776 



role of, 768 



system, steady -state oscillation, 844 



systole, functions, 787 



systolic reserve volume, 786 



volume, 783-786 



at different stages of cardiac cycle, 



785 

 difficulties of determining, 785 



