I Mil \ 



!753 



simultaneous measurement of, 840 



uses of, 1300 

 leg blood flow and, 1 356 

 loss in major arteries, 801 

 mathematical relation 



to flow, 937, 939 



to resistance, 939 

 mean circulatory 



compared to mean systemic pressure, 

 1109 



measurements of, 1 1 09 

 mean systemic 



acute left heart failure and, 1 1 20 



acute right heart failure and, 1 1 2 1 



blood volume and, 1 109, 1 1 10 



congestive heart failure and, iiiti 



definition, 1107, 11 09 



factors affecting, 1 1 1 1 



value, 1 1 09 



vasomotor tone and, 1 1 10 



venous return curve and, 1 109-1 1 10 

 plasma Na and, 1 152 

 positive pressure breathing and, 1 7 1 1 

 potassium changes and, 1 153 

 pressure-pulse contour and, 832 

 regulation 



age and, 876 



Na transfer and, 1 153 

 relation to flow, equations, 814 

 sodium and potassium 



sodium changes and, 1 153 

 systemic, altitude and, 1720 

 vasomotion and, 926 

 vascular behavior and, 935 

 vessel wall structure and, 1 269 

 volume relationships, blood injection 



and withdrawal, 1085 

 wall stress and, 875 



see also Capillary pressure; Venous 

 pressure 

 Blood tissue exchange 



blood flow and, 1019, 1023 

 capillary permeability and, 1019 

 of ions, 1 02 1 

 small molecules, 1021 

 Blood vessels 



alpha receptor in, 949 

 automaticity of 



in man, 1 356 



physiological condition and, 1356 

 basal tone of, 1 355 

 beta receptor in, 949 

 cochlear perilymph, endolymph and, 



9'7 

 delta dilator receptors in, 949 

 denervated 



adrenaline and, 1341 

 noradrenaline and, 1341 

 different types, 872-883 

 dilated, distensibility pattern, 1084 

 distensibility and resistance charac- 

 teristics, 1674 



excised, tension-length curves, 804 



function, 865 



gamma dilator receptors in, 949 



innervation of, 1338 



self-differentiation, 1 258 



small, relation to lymphatic capillaries, 



'°37 

 Blood vessel walls 



active transport in, 883 



aldosterone and, 1 202 



anatomical elements, 866 



anatomy of, 865 



arrangement of muscle fibers in, 806 



basal tone, 880 



derivation, 880 



myogenic activity and, 880 



wall tension and, 880 

 changes in Raynaud's syndrome, 1227 

 collagen fibers in, 868 

 collagen tissue, 866, 868 



hysteresis, 868 



irreversible elongation, 868 



maximal extension and, 868 



maximal tensile strength, 868 



safety factor, 868 



stress and, 865 



structure, 868 

 diffusion in, 883 



diffusion limit for nutrition, 883 

 elastic tissue, 866, 869 



aging and, 869 



function of, 869 



hysteresis, 868 



irreversible elongation, 868 



maximal extension, 868 



maximal tensile strength, 868 



structure, 869 

 elements of, 866-872 

 endothelium of, 868 



cement and, 883 

 estrogens and, 1204 

 extensibility 



elastic modulus and, 808 



measure of, 811 



muscle contraction and, 807 



of structural elements, 805 

 fetal, elastin-collagen distribution, 1623 

 ground substance of, 868 

 hormones and, 1 1 99 

 interaction of elements in, 876 

 location of vasa vasorum, 885 

 lumen diameter and wall thickness, 866 

 lymphatics of, 886 

 model of, 883 



muscle of, arterial spasm and, 1236 

 network of structures, 805 

 nutrition, 883-886 



hypertension and, 886 



lymphatics and, 886 

 of central and peripheral arteries, 880 

 of venous system, 881 

 oxygen uptake, 1198 



physiology of, 865 

 properties of, 866 

 qualities, due to in series arrangement 



of elements, 867 

 relaxation of, 1544 

 ring muscles in, 869-870 

 sodium transport in, 884 

 species differences, 1 198 

 stiffness, aging and, 809 

 stress, formula, 865 

 structure 



pressure and, 1269 



relation to stretch hysteresis, 803 

 tension 



hydrostatic pressure and, 881 



in veins, 882 



loading and, 1084 



muscles in, 869-870 



pressoreceptors and, 874 

 vascularization, 885, 886 



in peripheral arteries, 885 

 vasa vasorum penetration, 885 

 venous, arterial supply, 885 

 see also Vascular smooth muscle; Endo- 

 thelium 

 Blood volume 



atrial pressure and, 1 1 22 

 capillary, total blood volume and, 1705 

 cardiac output and, 1 1 14 

 cardiovascular dynamics, 1 122 

 determination of vascular behavior 



from, 957 

 estimation of change, 954 

 expanded, capillary pores and, 1053 

 extrinsic influences, 954 

 factors affecting, 954 

 maximal effect, 1361 

 mean systemic pressure and, 1 109, 1 1 10 

 mesenteric, 1445 

 muscle circulation vasoconstrictors and, 



1361 

 perfusion pressure and, 954 

 pulsatile changes in, 956 

 regional, shifts in, 1694 

 regulation, lymphatic return and, 1042 

 resistance to flow and, 956 

 right atrial pressure and, 11 14 

 vascular 



beds in, 953-954 



behavior and, 935 

 venous return and, 11 10, 11 14, 11 22 



curves and, 1 1 10, 1 122 

 ventricular outputs and, 1 1 2 1 

 Body build 



coronary atherosclerosis and, 1 206 

 Body position 



uterine contractility and, 1600 

 venous pressure during pregnancy and, 

 1601 

 Body size 



hepatic blood flow and, 1405 

 Body temperature 



