1784 



HANDBOOK OF PHYSIOLOGY 



CIRCULATION II 



tension muscle, 869 

 description of, 870 



types of, 869 



see also Blood vessel walls 

 Vasculitis 



description of, 1238 



see also Collagen diseases 

 Vasoconstriction 



disease syndromes, 1 226 



evidence for, 1 7 1 g 



oxygenation of blood and, 1125 



plasma Na and K and, 1154 



veins 



factors affecting, 1094 

 temperature changes and, 1095 

 Vasodepressor drugs 



in heart disease, 1567 



postpartum uterine blood flow and, 

 1608 

 Vasodilatation 



adenosine triphosphate and, 1338 



axon reflex pathway, 1338 



bradykinin and, 1340 



capillary pressure and, 968 



erythromelalgia and, 1241 



factors affecting, 1094 



ganglionic blockers and, 1561 



hypertonic solutions and, 1 148 



lymph flow and, 968 



nitroglycerin and, 1561 



oxygenation of blood and, 1 1 25 



potassium and, 1380 



reflex, 12 19, 1223 



sodium and, 1 1 47 



sodium nitrite and, 1561 

 Vasomotion 



active and passive, 925 



active, environment and, 926 



anesthesia and, 925 



arterioles in, 900 



blood flow and, 926 



blood pressure and, 926 



definition, 8g2, 925, 928 



fluid exchange and, 926 



function, 928 



in arterioles, 904 



in conjunctiva, 909 



internal pressure of vessels and, 927 



ionic, active, 925 



irregular activity, 925 



metarterioles in, 925 



of arteriovascular vessels, 896 



of terminal arterioles, 897 



receptors, in intestine, 1448 



rhythmical activity, 925 



venous pressure alterations due to, 927 

 Vasomotor tone 



arteriovenous difference, pressure, blood 

 flow and, 937, 938 



cardiac output, 113 



right atrial pressure, 1 1 13 



mean systemic pressure and, 1 1 1 o 



myogenic theory, 1409 

 venous return, 1 1 13 

 see also Venomotor activity 

 Vasopressin 



skeletal muscles and, 1355 

 Vasospasm 



plethysmograph pulses in, 957 

 Vasospastic claudication 



definition, 1 2 1 7 

 Veins 



action of skeletal muscle upon, 882 



arcuate patterns of, 897, 905 



arterial pulsation in, 883 



as reservoirs, 1078 



capacity of, 1078 



central, reservoir function, 787 



circular muscle in, 881 



collapse 



blood flow and, 1080 



elevated abdominal pressure and, 

 1 1 23 



hemodynamic significance, 1080 



hydrostatic shifts and, 1082 



right atrial pressure and, 1 1 07 



venous return and, 1123 

 collapsibility, function, 1082 

 composition of, 881 

 constricted 



distensibility pattern, 1084, 1086 

 constriction due to levarterenol, 1086 

 distensibility of, 1082 



standardization need, 1085 



noradrenaline and, 1093 

 distensibility pattern, 1084,1086 



repeated stretch and, 1085 

 elastic-muscular system of, 88 1 

 elongation 



spiral twist and, 1083-1084 



volume change and, 1083 

 large, contribution to blood reservoir, 



't>79 

 location of vasa vasorum in, 885 

 longitudinal muscle in, 881 

 mechanical properties, 882 

 morphological differences in wall 



structure, 952 

 muscular arrangement in, 881 

 nature of constriction, 1086 

 occlusion, afterdrop, 1 283 

 phasic pressure changes in, 1082 

 physiological characteristics, 1079 

 plastic properties of, 1 085 

 postural effects upon, 881 

 pressure alterations due to vasomotion, 



927 

 pressure changes due to anticipation, 



1090 

 pressure -volu me 

 curves from, 1083 

 diagrams, 882 

 proportion of circulating blood in, 900 



radial distention, volume change and, 



1083 

 repeated stretch and, 1085 

 restoration of collapsed to cylindrical 



shape, 1 082-1 083 

 spontaneous pressure waves, 928 

 stretch curves obtained, 1084 

 stress relaxation, 1085 

 structure of, 881 

 structural support, 883 

 tone 



parasympathetic nerves and, 1077 



sympathetic control of, 1077 

 valves, 1077 



aging and, 882 



function, 1078 



insufficiency and, 882 



pumping action, 882 



structure of, 882 

 valvular competence, 1077 

 vasomotion in, 926 

 venospasms, 1086 

 venovenous reflexes, 1095 

 wall structure in, 881 

 wall tension in, 882 

 Velocity inductance 

 definition of, 1303 

 Velocity resistance 



definition of, 1303 

 Vena cava 



distensibility, collagen fiber recruit- 

 ment and, 882 

 inferior, compression, uterine contrac- 

 tions, and, 1600 

 superior, pulsatile flow in, 856 

 Venivasomotor reflex 



definition, 141 6 

 Venomotor activity 



adrenergic response, 1087 

 assessment of, 1087 

 congestive heart failure and, 1095 

 direct observation of, 1087 

 distensibility by volume increment, 



1 092-1093 

 inferences from venous pressure, 1 087 

 in various species, 927 

 in vitro studies, 1087 

 measurement of pressure gradients, 



1088 

 plethysmography and, 1091 

 psychic stimulation and, 1089 

 pulse methods, 1090 

 summary of, 1094 



venous distensibility patterns and, 1091 

 venomotor index, 1 092 

 Venous blood flow 



body acceleration and, 854 

 peripheral venous pressures and, 1 127 

 phasic variations, 854 

 postural changes and, 854 

 pulsatile flow, 854 

 systemic, 854-855 



