'774 



HANDBOOK OF PHYSIOLOGY ^ CIRCULATION II 



countercurrent flow in, 1622 

 fat mobilization and, 1 174 

 fetal, 1 620- 1 623 



capillary blood pressure, 1609 



pressure flow curves, 1632 

 function, 1622 



hemochorial, deficiency, 1606 

 India ink injection of, 1608, 1610 

 intervillous space pressure, 1609 

 maternal blood and, 1610 

 oxygen consumption of, 1622, 1634 

 Pitressin 



coronary circulation and, 1562 



effects of, 1553 



effects upon Na and K, 1553 



gastric blood flow and, 1447 



intestinal blood flow and, 1448 



mesenteric blood flow and, 1451 



plasma Na concentration and, 1 153 



skin circulation and, 1346 

 pituitrin, splenic blood flow and, 1450 

 pressure, amniotic fluid pressure and, 



placental 1608 

 radiopaque injections of, 1 609 

 structure, 1592, 1594 



arterial and venous openings in, 1610 



changes in pregnancy, 1593 



exchange of substances and, 1594 



unitary, 1593 

 syndesmochorial, deficiency, 1606 

 types, 1 592- 1 594 



histological, 1620 



uterine work necessary, 1606 

 Placental blood flow 

 fetal, 1 63 1 -1 635 



resistance in, 163 1 

 maternal, effects of reduction, 1636 

 uterine contractions and, 1600 

 Placental exchange 

 factors affecting, 1622 

 mechanisms of, 1622 

 sodium, in various species, 1592, 1593 

 structure and, 1594 

 Plasma 



albumin, in relation to lymph albumin, 



1063 

 dextran, in relation to lymph dextran, 



1063 

 exchange, lymph and, 1040 

 human, components of, 974 

 potassium, epinephrine, anesthesia and, 



1 152 

 proteins 



capillary pressure and, 963 



glomerular filtration and, 976 



in man, 974 



osmotic pressure of, 962-977 



relation to lymph, 1046 

 urea, albumin content and, 1064 

 Plasma skimming, 898 

 Plasmin 



capillary permeability and, 1061 

 Plastic material 



behavior with stretch, 866 

 Plasticity 



definition, 867 



description of, 803, 866, 867 



properties of blood vessels, 866 

 Platelets 



capillary permeability and, 995 

 Plethysmograph pulses 



factors affecting, 957 

 Plethysmography 



modifications of, 1281 



principle of, 1281 

 Pleural pressure 



carbon dioxide and, 1690 



exercise and, 1690 



measurement of, 1 688-1 689 

 Podocytes 



molecular sieving and, 1017-1018 

 Poikilotherms 



protein osmotic pressure in, 975 

 Poiseuille's law 



blood flow to organs, 865 



modified for collapsible tubes, 1080 

 Poiseuille's equation 



origin of, 963 

 Pore concept 



lymph formation and, 1040 



see also Capillaries; Pores 

 Portal vein 



anatomy and distribution, 1389 



flow 



arterial pressure and, 1440 

 in various species, 1440 



through blood flow, 1439 

 Positive pressure breathing 



cardiac output and, 171 1 



circulatory collapse and, 171 1 



intermittent positive pressure breathing, 

 171 1 



intrathoracic pressure, 171 1 



pulmonary blood flow and, 17 10 



pulmonary vascular resistance and, 

 1 7 10-17 1 1 



systemic hypotensive states, 1 7 1 1 

 Posture 



cutaneous blood flow and, 1340 



renal blood flow and, 1502 



skin circulation and, 1344 



see also Body position 

 Potassium 



arteriolar size and, 948 



blood pressure and, 1 155 



entrance rate into muscle, 1 138 



exercise hyperemia and, 1380 



extracellular, blood pressure and, 11 54 



hypertension and, 1142-1143 



in various tissues, 1 141 



ionic radii, 1 137 



mobility in electric field, 1 138 



peripheral vascular resistance and, 1 149 



potentiation of norepinephrine, 1 1 46 

 radioactive 



blood to tissue permeability, 1023 



capillary permeability to, 1023 



flow distribution pattern and, 1402 



relative diameter, 1 1 38 



spontaneous muscle activity and, 1 156 



vascular smooth muscle tension and, 



1142-1157 

 vasoconstrictor effect, 1 149 

 vasodilation and, 1380 

 Potassium hydroxide 



mean activity coefficients, 1 137 

 Potassium transport 

 efHux 



epinephrine and, 11 56 

 membrane potentials, 1156 

 smooth muscle tension and, 1 156 

 Precapillary sphincter 

 definition, 892 

 function, 900 

 Pregnancy 



arterial supply to placenta and, 1597 

 circulating lipids in, 1203 

 ovarian vein and, 1587 

 placental structure and, 1593 

 uterine 



arterial injection during, 1604 

 blood flow and, 1 593-1 594, 1603, 



1609 

 blood flow and volume during, 1604 

 circulation and, 1602 

 vasculature and, 1594, 1603 

 venous drainage and, 1588, 1598 

 venous pressure, body position and, 

 1601 

 Pressoreceptors 

 anatomy of, 874 

 blood pressure and, 875 

 relation to surrounding tissue, 874 

 structure and location, 874 

 Pressure-volume curves 



aorta compared to muscular arteries, 



879 

 arteries 



elastic, 879 

 muscular, 879 

 contractile state of smooth muscle and, 



873 

 drugs and, 1085 

 in mesenteric artery, 878 

 in vivo, in hand, 878 

 pulmonary 

 normal, 1693 

 mitral stenosis and, 1693 

 veins, 882 

 Primates 



uterus in, 1585 

 Priscoline : sec Tolazoline 

 Procaine 



intestinal blood flow and, 1448-1449 



