MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 23 
—11th cent.] figures the Ginseng from Lu chou [v. supra] 
with three branches and five leaves [/.e. five leaflets at the 
top of a common petiole, v. supra]. This is the true Ginseng. 
But his figure of the Ginseng from Ch‘u chou {in An hui, 
App. 25] is, judging from the form of the leaves, the sha 
shen, and his Ginseng from Ts‘in chou [in $.E. Shan si, 
App. 862] and Yen chou [in Shan tung, App. 404] and 
likewise his native Ginseng from Kiang Huai [v. supra] 
must all be referred to the plant tsi ni. These drugs are 
frequently confounded with the true Ginseng. At present 
[Lit Sui-cnen says] the true Ginseng is no more met with 
in the prefecture of Lu chou [in S.E. Shan si]. Compare 
also tnfra 4, at the end. 
T‘ao Hune-K1ne and other ancient authors say that the 
Ginseng root is very apt to breed worms, especially when 
exposed to the sun or the wind. 
Lit Yen-weEN (an author of the Ming period, who wrote 
a treatise on Ginseng) says that Ginseng grows in such a 
manner that the back part of its leaves is turned towards the 
sky, and therefore it does not like either the wind or the 
sun, Taken as a medicine it is generally chewed crude 
without any other preparation, or it is dried before the fire 
on a sheet of paper for medical use. Sometimes it is also 
steeped in a kind of wine called ¥ 3. shun tsiv. Ginseng 
must neither be kept in an iron vessel nor prepared with any 
instrument made of that metal. 
The drawing given in the Ch. [VII, i] of the jen shen 
plant is bad and incorrect. 
Tatar. Catal., 64: jen shen, Radix Panacis Ginseng.— 
P. Surrx, 103. 
Cust. Med., p. 4 (21):—Ginseng exported from New 
chwang in 1885 about 180,000 piculs to other ports of 
China. The list enumerates several sorts. The wild Ginseng 
from Manchuria is the highest in price = 6,400 Taels per 
* 
