MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 25 
sinice som. Sisarum montanum Corwense. On the annexed 
plate [fig. 4] Kamprer correctly depicts the Ginseng root, 
but the plant he figures on the same plate as the true Ginseng 
is Sum Nins?, L., an umbelliferous plant, in Japanese mukago 
mincin, 
Phon zo (V, 4, 5] and So moku [IV, 46]:—A BE Panar. 
Ginseng, japonice ninzin. 
According to the ancient Chinese authors the best sort 
of the true Ginseng was considered the RB Shang Tangy 
shen or Ginseng from Shang Tang in 8.E. Shan si. But 
nowadays this Chinese name is applied to the root of Codo- 
nopsis tang shen, Oliy., a Campanulacea. See Dr. Henry’s 
memorandum in Hooxer’s Icon. Plant. [tab. 1966]. The 
Tang shen is figured in Ch. [VIL 49] as a climbing 
Campanulacea. 
4.—7) B sha shen (Sand Ginseng). P., XIle, 23.— 
25 ACSL, 
Pen king:—Sha shen. Root officinal. Taste bitter. 
Nature slightly cold. Non-poisonous. 
Pie lu:—Synonyms: @ 58 BL ling rh ts‘ao (bellwort, 
campanula), $l PE chi mu [this name is properly applied to 
another plant. V. 9], 3, yang ju (goat's teat), Fe 3 
hu sit (tiger’s beard), J Py ku sin (bitter heart). The sha 
shen grows in the river valleys (meadows) of Ho nei [S8.E. 
Shan si, N. Honan, App. 77], in Yiian kii [in S.W. Shan 
tung, App. 415] and jy BB Pan yang [in N.W. Shan tung, 
App. 241], in the mountains. The root is dug up in the 
2nd and 8th months and dried in the sun. : 
Wu Pu [3rd cent.]:—The shu shen is also called Ae 
pai (white) shen. In the second month, when the plant 
first begins to grow, it resembles the kui (Malva). The root 
is white, juicy, like the root of the mustard plant and as 
large as the wu tsing (turnip). 
4 
