MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 39 
and Kien p‘ing [B. Sz‘ chtuan and W. Hu pei, App. 139] 
is of an inferior quality. 
Su Kune [7th cent.]:—The drug spoken of by T‘so 
Honc-K1ne is the BE [| ts‘ao ( herbaceous) ts‘wng yung, he 
had not seen the fleshy sort or jou ts‘ung yung. The drug 
now commonly used in China is the first, of which the 
flowers have been scraped off. It is less potent than the fleshy 
kind. 
Han Pao-sHenc [10th cent.]:—The jou ts‘ung yung 
grows in the Fu lu hien district in Su chou [in Kan su, 
App. 47, 312], in a sandy soil. In the 3rd and 4th months 
the people dig up the root, which is more than a foot long, 
cut out from the centre three or four inches, pass a string 
through it and dry it in the sun. In the 8th month it is 
ready for use. 
The skin (of the plant) is scaly like the cone of a fir. 
As to the ts‘ao (herbaceous) ts‘ung yung it is gathered in the 
middle of the 4th month. It is from five or six inches to one 
foot long, has a round stem of a purple (violet) colour. 
Sou Sune [11th cent.]:—The plant is found in all pre- 
fectures of the province of Shen si {modern Shen si and 
E. Kan su, App. 284] but this is inferior to the drug brought 
from the border of Si Kiang [N.E. Tibet, App. 300] 
which is fleshy, thick and more potent. Ancient writers 
-say that it is produced from the semen of the wild horse. 
Ch. (VII, 17]:—Jou ts‘ung yung. A rade drawing. No 
inference can be drawn from it. 
Tatar., Cat., 13:—T: stung yung and [64] jou is‘ung yung, 
Orobanche preparata—The same drug figured and described 
in Gavucer [51]. He says it is a large tongue-shaped 
fleshy root covered with scales, in a salted condition. In 
1879 I procured the same drug at Peking. It was said to 
be brought from Mongolia. It proved to be Phelipea salsa, 
