MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 61 
3.—The Y | hiian shen [see 18]. It operates 
upon the kidneys and is called the he/ (black) shen. 
4.—The $k GE mou meng [see 21]. It operates 
upon the liver and is called ts: (purple) shen. 
5.—The J$ [| tan shen. It operates upon the 
heart and is called ch‘ (red) shen. 
The latter is a common plant in the mountains. Its 
leaves (leaflets) are five together on a common petiole, 
resemble those of the wild sz (Perdla). The root is red 
externally and has a purple flesh. 
Ch. VU, 20:—Tun shen. Rnde drawing, but it seems 
a Salvia is intended. [Comp. also X, 37] stao (small) tan 
shen, likewise a Salvia. 
Tarar., Cat., 20:—Tan shen. Rad. Salvie miltiorhize.— 
P. Surrey, 194, 
Salvia miltiorhiza, Bge., is a common plant in the 
Peking mountains. It has been recorded also from Shan 
tung, Hu pei, ete. It has a cinnabar red root, from three 
to seven foliate leaves, large violet flowers. 
Cust. Med., p. 70 (62):—Tan shen exported 1885 from 
Han kow to other Chinese ports 405 piculs,—p, 124 (55) 
from Chen kiang 257 piculsx—p. 46 (30) from Che foo 
233,—p. 26 (56) from Tien tsin 17 piculs.—Zdéd., p. 480 
(1246) Places of production: Chi li, Shan tung, Shan si, 
Shen si, Sz ch‘uan. 
Phon zo, VI, 18:— Ff B Salvia nipponica, Miq. 
21.—38 B tsz‘ shen. P., XIIb, 34.—T., CLIX. 
Pen hing :—Tsz‘ shen (purple ginseng), #& $8 mou meng. 
The root is officinal, Taste bitter. Nature cold. Non- 
poisonous, 
