MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 75 
smaller. In the 7th month it bears yellow flowers. The 
root is of a pale red colour, resembles that of the ts‘ien hu 
[see 80]. A peculiar sort of the ch‘ai hu grows in Tan chou 
[in Shen si, App. 327]. 
Li Sut-cen observes that the character #6 in ancient 
times was also used for 3% tsz‘ “purple” and refers to 
Rh ya, 142. He states that the ch‘at hu plant when young 
may be eaten, but the old plant is used for firewood, whence 
the name. He further proves that the ancient authors 
confounded under the name of ci‘ai hu several umbelliferous 
plants. The northern ch‘ai hu is not the same as that 
produced in the south. 
Kiu huang, XLVI, 25, and Ch., VIL, 27 :—Ch‘ai hu. 
Rude figures, probably intended for Bupleurum. 
Tatar., Cat., 14:—Ch'ai- hu, Radix Bupleuri octora- 
diatii—Gavarr [41] describes and figures the root, which he 
believes to belong to an umbelliferous plant.—P. Smrra, 45. 
In the Peking mountains the name ch‘ai hu is applied 
to Bupleurum faleatum, L., and B. octoradiatum, Bge. 
Both have yellow flowers. The above Chinese descriptions 
of the ch‘ai hu agree, 
Cust. Med., p. 66 (1):—Ch‘ai hu exported 1885 from 
Han kow 3,340 piculs,—p. 120 (1), from Chin kiang 197 
Piculs,—p, 22 (1), from Tien tsin 157 piculs. 
So moku, V, 41 :—3R HA Bupleurum falcatum, L— 
Comp. also Kwa wi, 47, 
30.— Bi BH tstien hu. P., XIII, 21. 7., OXLIX. 
Pie lu:—The root of the ¢ts‘ten hu is dug up in the 
2nd and 8th months and dried in the sun. It is of a bitter 
taste. Nature slightly cold. Non-poisonous, 
