MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 131 
gathered and worn (in satchels) on girdles. In the 8th or 
%th month the plants are from three to four feet high. The 
flowers are in spikes like those of the ki su (a Labiata). 
The flowers are red and white (or perhaps reddish white). 
Small seeds. The plant which in the P‘ao chi lun is called 
ta (great) tse lan is the same as the Jan ts‘ao, and the sao 
(small) tae Zan, there is what we call ¢se lan. 
For the identification of the lan ts‘ao see the next. 
62.38 BY EX tse lan ts‘ao. P., XIVb, 78. T., UXXXI. 
Pen hing ;—Tse lan ts‘ao (marsh lan), FR | hu (tiger) 
lan, a 3g lung tsao (dragon jujube). The leaves are 
officinal, Taste bitter. Nature slightly warm. Non- 
poisonous. 
Pie lu:—The tse lan grows on the margins of all the 
great lakes or swamps in Ju nan [in Ho nan, App. 110]. 
Tt (the leaves) is gathered on the 3rd day of the 3rd month, 
and dried in the shade. 
The descriptions of the tse lan as given by the authors 
quoted in the P. are not characteristic and much confused. 
Some compare it to plants of the Labiate order, from other 
descriptions it would seem that it is a Composita. According 
to Li Sut-cuen the roots are eaten and called }j GF # sun. : 
The seeds are also used in medicine. 
I have already pointed out [ Bot. sin, II, 405] that the 
fragrant plant BA Jan mentioned in the Classics, and by early 
Chinese poets, was most probably a fragrant orchid. The 
figure in the J’. [J.c.] under the name of lan is without doubt 
Intended for a plant of this order. L1 Sai-cHen observes 
that this Jan of the Classics and poets is probably called 
lan hua (lan flower). It has leaves like the ma? men tung 
(Ophiopogon) and is not to be confounded with the Jan ts‘ao, 
Which is quite different. 
