198 BOTANICON SINICUM. 
Pie Iu:—Other names: 38 Hy tse pai, HB lu shou, 
Ra i ma ts‘ao. The pai tsiang grows in the river-valleys 
of Kiang hia [in Hu pei, App. 126]. The root is gathered 
in the 8th month and dried in the shade. 
T‘ao Hune-Kina:—The root has the smell of old, 
spoiled tou tsiang (soy), whence the name pai tsiang (spoiled 
soy). It is a common plant in Mid China. Its leaves 
resemble those of the hi lien (Stegesbeckia orientalis). The 
root resembles the ch‘ai hu [Bupleurum. See 29]. 
Su Kune [7th cent.]:—It is a mountain plant. Yellow 
flowers, purplish (brown) root, having the colour of old soy. 
The leaves do not resemble those of the hi lien. 
Lr Sui-cHen :—It is a common wild plant. Its vulgar 
name is 7H 28 k‘w ts‘ai (bitter vegetable). The savages 
eat it. The people of Kiang tung [Kiang su, Che kiang, 
App. 124] gather it. In spring, when the plant begins to 
grow, the leaves cover the ground. They resemble cabbage- 
leaves but are narrower and longer, serrated and toothed. 
The leaves are dark green on the upper side, paler underneath. 
The stem attains a height of from two to three feet, and 
has joints. The leaves are four in a whorl like an umbrella. 
The flowers are white, and appear on the top in umbels like 
those of the kin (Celery) or the she ch'uang [Cnidium. 
See 49]. Small fruits. The root is purplish white, ae 
sembling that of the ch‘ai hu [v. supra]. The plant is 
‘sometimes also called k‘w chi, which is properly a name for 
the suan tsiang [see 106]. The people in the south eat the 
young plants steamed, as a vegetable. It has a slightly 
bitter taste and the smell of spoiled soy. 
From the above description it would seem that the pa? 
tstang is an umbelliferous plant. The drawing of it in the 
Ch. [XI, 47] shows only leaves, 
