MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 211 
For other ancient names comp. Rh ya, 200, Classics, 439. 
Pie lu:—Other names: 4f #€ niu i (ox track), Hy wR Ze 
hia ma i (frog’s cloak). The ch‘e ts‘ien grows in Chen ting 
[in Chi li, App. 11] in marshes, also in the mountains and on 
roads. It is gathered on the 5th day of the 5th month and 
dried in the shade. 
T‘ao Huna-kiye :—It is a common plant about houses 
and by waysides. 
Su Kune [7th cent.]:—Now the best comes from K‘ai 
chou [in Sz ch‘uan, App. 113]. 
Su Sune [11th cent.]—It is a common plant in Kiang, 
Hu and Huai [Mid China, App. 124, 83, 89] near cultivated 
land, also in Pien [in Ho nan, App. 248] and in North 
China. The leaves are all on the surface of the ground 
(radical leaves), grow the whole year, attain the length of 
one foot and more and are ladle-shaped. Several stems rise 
from the centre of the leaves, each bearing at the top a 
spike of small green flowers tinged with red, like a rat’s 
tail. Brown seeds resembling those of the t‘ing li [see 114]. 
It is also cultivated in gardens for its seeds. That from 
Shu (Sz ch‘uan) is much valued. The leaves are gathered 
in the 5th month, the seeds in the 7th and 8th. In North 
China the people sell the root as a substitute for the tsz‘ yiian 
[Aster. See 102]. 
The Kiu huang [XLVI, 11] figures the plant under 
the name of Hf #% 2K ch‘e lun ts‘ai (cart-wheel vegetable). 
This figure and that in the Ch. [XI, 28] sub ch‘e ts‘ien 
represent Plantago. 
_Ch'e tsien is the common name of Plantago major, L., 
at Peking. 
Lour., Fl. cochin., 90 :—Plantago major. Sinice: che 
tsien teao. Decocto seminum maxime atuntur indigene at 
diuresim promovendam. Succo foliorum expresso, melle 
apum condito medentur tenesmo et fluxui sanguineo, 
