MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 213 
Han Pao-sHenc [10th omnes says that the flowers are 
white. 
Su Suna [11th cent.]:—It is common in Heng shan 
{in Hu nan, App. 61], in Lii shan [in Kiang si, App. 209] 
and in Kiang and Huai [Kiang su and An hui, App. 124, 
89]. It resembles the z mu [Leonurus. See 78], but 
the stem is round, from two to three feet high.—Regarding 
the #8 3F Bi lung ya ts‘ao (dragon’s tooth, which some 
believe to be the same as the ma pien ts‘ao), Su Sune says 
that it grows in Shi chou [in Hu pei, App. 288] and that 
the root is used in medicine. 
Lt Sut-cnen:—The ma pien is a common plant in low 
places. It has a square stem, leayes resembling those of 
the 7 mu (Leonurus) and standing opposite. In autumn 
small purple flowers in spikes like those of Plantago. The 
seeds resemble those of the p‘eng hao [v. supra] and are small. 
The root is small and white. ‘ao Hune-xrne and Su Sune 
describe the plant incorrectly. 
Ch., XIV, 8:—Ma pien ts‘ao. By the plant figured 
Verbena may be Jntended. The description in the P. agrees 
ina general way. 
Lour., Fl. cochin., 33 :— Verbena officinalis, L. Sinice : 
ma pien tsao. 
Parker, Canton pl., 266 :—Verbena officinalis, ma pien 
ts‘ao. In Sz ch‘uan the same plant is called te ma pien 
[ Parker in litt.]. See also Henry, Chin. pl., 457.— 
P. Suir, 226. 
Cust. Med., p. 376 (481):—Ma pien ts‘ao exported 
1885, from Canton 481 piculs,—p. 424 (141), from Pakhoi 
0.56 picul,—p. 288 (218), t‘ie ma pien from Amoy 1.3 picul.— 
In the Hank. Med. the ma pien ts‘ao is mentioned as exported 
from Hankow,. 
