MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 217 
120.— iff 9 lien k‘iao. ~P., XVI, 65. T., OXXXI. 
Comp. Rh ya, 120, 
Pen king :—Lien kiao. The Index of the Pen king has 
31 BE k‘iao ken (kiao root). Taste of the root sweet. Nature 
cold and uniform. Slightly poisonous. 
Cuane Caunc-Kine [2nd cent.] calls the root of this 
plant 322 87 lien yao. 
Pie lu:—Other names: = Hf€ san lien, $f Pk chu hen 
(bamboo-root). The dien k‘iao grows in the mountain-valleys 
of T‘ai shan [in Shan tung, App. 322]. It is gathered in 
the 8th month and dried in the shade. 
Wo Pu [8rd cent.] calls it $4 38 lan hua [which is 
properly a name applied to several orchideous plants, see 62]. 
T‘ao Huno-Kine :—It is a common plant. Now the 
stem, together with the flowers and fruit, is used in medicine. 
The Yao sing Pen ts‘ao [7th cent.] calls it & $i + han 
lien tsz*.3? 
Su Kune [7th cent.]:--There are two kinds of this 
plant, the large k‘iao and the small kiao. The larger grows 
in low, damp places. Leaves narrow and long. Handsome 
yellow flowers. The fruit is a peculiarly opening capsule 
resembling that of the ch‘un tree (Cedrela). 
The small k‘iao grows on elevated plains. It resembles 
the first in its leaves, flowers and capsules, but is smaller. In 
Shan nan [S. Shen si, App. 268] both drugs are used, but in 
Ch‘ang an [ancient capital of China, App. 6] they use only 
the fruit of the larger sort and do not employ the stem and 
the flowers, ; 
= In the P. [XVI, 63] p= § jit i. han lien ts‘ao is given as a synonym 
for Hed BB i ch‘ang, which in Japan is Eclipta, Cust. Med., 374 (461), han 
lien ts‘ao exported 1885 from Canton 3.89 piculs. Braun [Hank, Med., 14] 
3 identifies han lien ts'ao with dried lilies. 
