MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 235 
Pie lu:—The lang tu grows in Ts‘in ting [in Kan su, 
App. 361] in mountain-valleys, also in Feng kao [in Shan 
_ tung, App. 41]. The root is gathered in the 2nd and 8th 
months and dried in the shade. That which is old and heavy 
and sinks in water is good. 
T‘ao Hune-Krve :—This drug is also produced in Tang 
ch‘ang [in Kan su, App. 330], but it is rare there, for certain 
vipers are said to eat the root. That from T‘ai shan [in Shan 
tung, App. 322] is more generally used. The drug from 
Han chung [S. Shen si, App. 54] and Kien ping [in W. 
Hu pei, App. 139] resembles very much the root of the 
Jang kui [an umbelliferous plant. See 133], but the latter 
does not sink in water. 
Su Kune [7th cent.]:—This drug is now produced in 
Ts‘in chou and Ch‘eng chou [both in Kan su, App. 358, 18]. 
The plateau of Ts‘in t‘ing [mentioned in the Pie lu] lies on 
the border of these two prefectures. Su Kune refutes T‘so 
Hune-K1e’s statements regarding the lang tu. 
Ma Cat [10th cent.]:—The leaves of the lang tu resemble 
those of the shang lu and the ta huang [Phytolacca and 
Rhubarb. See 131, 130]. Leaves and stem covered with 
hair. The skin of the root is yellow, the flesh is white. The 
drug of a good quality must be succulent and heavy. Ts‘in 
ting [v. supra] lies in Lung si [in Kan su, App. 216]; Feng 
kao [likewise mentioned in the Pie lu] is a district at the 
foot of the T‘ai shan mountain [in Shan tung]. There are 
six drugs which are called the 4 fi liu ch‘en or six old drugs, 
wz. the lang tu, the ma huang [Ephedra. See 97], the ka 
pt Lorange-peel. See 281], the pan hia [Pinellia tuberifera. 
See 150], the chi shi [fruit of Citrus trifoliata. See 334] 
and the Wu chu ya [Boymia. See 291]. 
Su Sune [11th cent.]:—The Jang tw is now found in all 
prefectures of Shen si [modern Shen si and Eastern Kan su], 
