248 BOTANICON SINICUM. 
Pie lu:—The ch‘ang shan grows in the river-valleys of 
I chou [Yiin nan or Sz ch‘uan, App. 102], also in Han 
chung [S. Shen si, App. 54]. The root is gathered in the 
2nd and 8th months and dried in the shade. The Shu ts% 
grows in the valleys of the Kiang lin mountains [App. 127]. 
The above name in Shu Han [Sz ch‘uan, App. 293] is 
applied to the stem and the leaves of the ch‘ang shan. 
T‘ao Huna-King :—The ch‘ang shan is produced in I tu 
and in Kien p‘ing [both in Hu pei, App. 104, 139]. That 
with a small fruit and yellow is the best. It is called 
KE FF FE lyk ku (chicken’s bones) ch‘ang shan. Shu ts‘ is 
the name for the stem and the leaves of the ch‘ang shan 
[according to the Pie lu]. The Kiang lin mountains | 
Lv. supra] are the same as the Kiang yang mountains in 
I chou [Sz ch‘uan, App. 130]. 
So Kune [7th cent.]: —The ch‘ang shan grows in 
mountain-valleys. It has a round stem with joints, not 
higher than three or four feet. Leaves like ming (tea) leaves, 
but longer, narrower, standing opposite, and in pairs. It 
flowers in the 2nd month. White flowers, green in the centre. 
In the 5th month it bears fruit, green, round capsules with 
three seeds. This plant when dried in the sun keeps a pale 
green colour. It is much used. When dried in the shade 
it becomes black and is easily spoiled. | 
Su Sune [11th cent.]:—It is a common plant in Mid 
China and has been correctly described by [the above nee 
tioned] previous authors. There is one sort produced in 
Hai chou [in Kiang su, App. 48] which has leaves like those 
of the tsiao [Zanthoaylon. See 280], reddish white flowers 
in the 8th month, green [or blue] fruits resembling the 
shan lien tsz‘ [ Melia. See 321], but smaller. Another kind, 
which grows on the Tien t‘ai shan mountain [in Che kiang, 
App. 340], is called + # [ly tu (native) ch‘ang shan. The 
