MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 259 
Pie lu:—The hu chang grows in Han chung [S. Shen si, 
App. 54] in mountain-valleys, and in Yiian kii [in Shan 
tung, App. 415]. It is dug up in the 2nd and 8th months 
and dried in the shade. 
T‘ao Hune-K1na :—It is also found in Mid China. It 
(the root) resembles the pan hia [Pinellia. See 150] but is 
_ larger and has four lateral tubers which make it resemble a 
-tiger’s paw. 
Su Kune [7th cent.]:—This is the old root of the Fy BR 
yu po [see 149]. The plant has one stem (stalk) with a 
forked leaf at the end. The root varies in size from that of a 
fist to that of a hen’s egg. In shape it resembles a flattened 
persimmon. On the four sides are round protuberances which 
give the root the appearance of a tiger’s paw. The young 
root is called yu po. It is twice or thrice as large as the 
pan lia and has no lateral protuberances. 
Han Pao-sHene [10th cent.]:—At the top of the 
(common) stalk are from 8 to 9 leaves (pedate leaves). The 
flowers come out between the stalks. 
In the Ji hua Pen ts‘ao [10th cent.] this plant is called 
58, By BA kui hai jo. 
Ca‘en Ts‘anc-K‘I [8th cent.] notices a plant Fe pg 
tien nan sing (southern cross of heaven) which grows in the 
mountain-valleys of An tung [in Kiang su, App. 2]. Its 
leaves resemble those of the ho [Nelumbium speciosum. See 
295]. Solitary stem. Root used [in medicine]. 
Su Sune [11th cent.]:—The é‘en nan sing is the same as 
the hu chang of the ancient authors. The smaller kind is 
called yu po [v. supra]. The hu chang is now found in Ho pei 
[S. Chili and W. Shan tung, App. 78]. The root when it 
first begins to grow is not larger than a bean; afterwards, 
when developing itself, it resembles the pan hia [see 150], but 
