MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 291 
Ma Cat and Su Sune [10th and 11th cent.] say that the 
name peng lei refers to the whole plant, whilst fu p‘en is the 
fruit of it. Su Sune says it is a common plant, abounding in 
Ts‘in [Shen si, App. 358] and Wu [Kiang su, App. 389]. It is 
only one foot high, and the whole plant is covered with spines. 
White flowers, reddish yellow fruit, like one half of a small 
ball with a pedicle below. Children like to eat it. The fruit 
is gathered in the 5th month, the leaves and the stem at all 
times of the year. In Kiang nan [Kiang su, An hui, etc., 
App. 124] it is called #% mei. But it is tardy in that soil, 
for it does not flower before the 8th or 9th month, and the 
fruit is gathered in the 10th. 
Ta Mine [10th cent.] says mei tsz‘ is the fruit of the 
preng lei, The fu p‘en tsz* [which is a different plant] is also 
called #§f | shu (tree) mei [see 166]. 
Wane Kr [16th cent.] states that in Hui chou [in 
An hui, App. 97] the p‘eng lei is called 3E [ han (cool) mei. 
Li Sut-cnen :—There are five distinct species of the 
same genus [ Rubus, v. infra. |. One is a climbing plant. 
The stem is covered with spines which are bent downward. 
The leaves which spring from the joints are as large as the 
palm of the hand, resemble mallow-leaves, are white under- 
neath, thick, and covered with hair. It blossoms in the 6th or 
7th month. Small white flowers. The fruit is on a pedicle, 
from 30 to 40 berries together in a cyme, at first greenish 
yellow, but dark red when ripe and covered with sparse black 
hair. The berry resembles a mulberry but is flat. The 
leaves do not fall off in winter. The common name of the 
fruit is 4] HY Hg Ao tien pao. This is the p‘eng le of the 
Pen king. 
Another species, likewise a climber and smaller than the 
P*eng lei, has hooked spines. Small five foliolate leaves. They 
“Lt SHI-CHEN pronounces pao, but W.D. [682] piao. 
