MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 303 
Ling ling [in Hu nan, App. 196], in river-valleys, also in 
Shu (Sz ch‘uan). It is gathered in the 8th and 9th months 
and dried in the shade. 
T‘ao Hunc-Kine :— Ying shi is the name for the fruit of 
the ts‘tang wei plant. The best sort is that with white flowers. 
By boiling the stem and the leaves a beverage (decoction) 
can be made. The root is used for the preparation of a wine. 
Han Pao-snune [10th cent.]:—It is a twining plant. 
The stem is covered with spines. The flower has 6, 8 or also 
numerous petals. It is red or white. The fruit resembles 
that of the tw tfang [Pyrus. See Bot. sin., LU, 482]. 
Lit Sut-cuen :—The ts‘iang wei, which is also called 
hl] 46 ts‘2* hua (spiny flower), grows wild in the forests and 
on the borders of ditches. In spring children eat the young 
shoots after having stripped off the skin with the spines. It is 
a twining plant. The stem becomes hard (ligneous) and is 
covered with numerous spines. The leaves (leaflets) are small, 
pointed, thin and serrated. It blossoms in the 4th or 5th 
month. The flower has four petals. Its heart (anthers) is 
yellow. The flowers are white or pale red. The fruit when 
ripe is of a red colour. The kernels (seeds) are covered with 
white hair like those of the kin ying tsz* (Rosa). It is 
gathered in the 8th month. The root can be taken up at any 
_ season of the year. This plant is also cultivated in gardens. 
Then the stem becomes coarser, and the leaves and flowers 
also become larger. There are white, yellow, red and purple 
flowered varieties. One kind, with large flowers, is called 
fis FA % Fo kien siao (Buddha sees it and smiles) ; another, 
with small flowers and very fragrant, is 7x ZH mu hiang. The 
people in the south prepare a fragrant water from the petals 
of the ts‘iang wet flowers. 
Ch., XXII, 16:—Ying shi or ts‘iang mi. The figure 
_ Fepresents a Rose, as also the drawing sub ts‘tang mi in the 
