MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 819 
Su Sune [11th cent.]:—This plant is common in Mid 
China, in Kiang [Kiang su, An hui, ete., App. 124] and 
Che [Che kiang, App. 101. It is a prickly climbing plant, 
from 8 to 4 feet long. The leaves resemble those of the 
tung ts‘ing [Ligustrum. See 342] and the wu yao (Daphnidium) 
but are larger. It flowers in the autumn. Yellow flowers 
and black fruits of the size of a cherry. The root is massive. 
_ The people call it 4 fA] Hb kin kang ken (diamond root). 
Li Sui-cuen :—The pa kia is a common mountain plant. 
It sometimes climbs, but the stem is strong, hard and covered 
with prickles. The leaves are large, round, like a horse’s 
hoof, shining, and resemble the leaves of the shi (Diospyros), 
but not those of the tung ts‘ing [v. supra]. In autumn it 
produces yellow flowers, followed by red fruits. The root is 
very hard and is covered with strong hairs like prickles. A 
decoction is made of the leaves. It is sour and harsh. The 
Savages gather the leaves and the root and use them as a dye. 
It is also called $ 38 fy t‘ie ling kite (iron-water caltrop). 
Wu Pu [8rd cent.] erroneously identifies the pa k%a with 
the hou tsi [v. supra]. 
Ch, XXII, 55:—Pa kia. The figure represents pro- 
bably Smilax China, L. The descriptions in the P. agree. 
' The stem is prickly.—Comp. Henry, Chin. pl., 65, 478. The 
plant from which China-root is obtained has been supposed to be 
Smilax China. But this is certainly not the source of the drug. 
Amen. exot., 782 :—j#R Hi. The drawing under this 
Chinese name is Smilaw China. In the description [p. 781, 
sankira, etc.] another Chinese name is given, which is probably 
erroneous. 
Phon z0, XXVIII, 14:—Chinese name as above. | 
Smilax China. 
Sms., Geon., 71:—Smilax China, kakubara $§ Zi. 
Radix antisyphilitica, agricolis laudata, folia hine ac inde 
pro tabaco fumantur. 
