408 BOTANICON SINICUM. 
flowers, and in the 8th month black seeds. Pe 
It does not die in winter. ; 
Su Kune [7th cent.]:—The ku ts‘ai or tu is me 
in the 2h ya. It is also called yu tung [v. supra] 
like those of the k‘u ki (Lactuca) but smaller. The 
broken discharges a white juice. Yellow flowers 
the ki (Chrysanthemum), 
Han Pao-suene [10th cent.]:—It blossoms in 
and the seeds are produced in summer, in autumn it b 
again but does not produce seeds. It does not w 
winter, te 
K‘ou Tsuna-sut [12th cent.]:—It is mentioned 
Yue ling (Li ki). It is found in all parts of China. 
north its leaves fall off in winter, but in the south t 
green in summer as well as in winter. The leaves 
those of the k‘u ki [v. infra] but are narrower, oF § 
green colour, and contain a white, milky juice of 
taste. The flowers are like those of the wild Chrysa 
It blossoms from spring till autumn. : 
Li Sut-cnen :—The k‘u ts‘ai is the same as th 
ku mai. When cultivated in gardens it is called 
There are two varieties—one with a red, the other 
white stem—when the plant begins to grow. The 
hollow in the centre and soft. When broken it d 
_ White juice. The callous leaves resemble those of th 
‘They are of a green colour with a bluish tinge. ‘The 
clasp the stem, the upper leaves being like the beak of 
Each leaf has irregular lobes on the margin as if 
lacerated. Flowers yellow, resembling those of a wild 
themum when beginning to expand. Seeds many 
like those of the tung hao (Chrysanthemum Hoe 
They are known under the name of ire ml, kuan shi bs 
lice). After the plant has ceased blooming the sedis 
