504 BOTANICON SINICUM. 
Pen king:—Suan tsao. The fruit is officinal. Taste 
sour. Nature uniform. Non-poisonous. 
Pie lu:—The suan tsao grows in Ho tung [in Shan si, 
App. 80] in marshes. The fruit is gathered in the 8th 
month and dried in the shade during 40 days. It is useful in 
heat of the heart, in sleeplessness and in other complaints. 
T‘ao Hune-x1ne :—It grows in the eastern mountains, 
where it is called [Ij #$ shan tsao (mountain-jujube). The 
fruit is like the tsao from Wu ch‘ang [in Hu pei, App. 392] 
but it is very sour. The people of Eastern China eat the 
fruit in order to keep them awake,—not to cause sleep, as the 
Pie lu states—But Li Sui-cHen agrees with the Pie lu, 
stating that the kernels of the stones act as a soporific. 
Lour., Fl. cochin., 196 :—Rhamnus soporifer. Sinice: 
soan tsao. Habitat in provinciis borealibus Sinarum. Virtus 
hypnotica, paregorica. Uti solent nucleis excorticatis, et diu 
coctis. Somnum leniter conciliat, dolores mitigat. 
Tatar., Cat., 50 :—PR FE {= suan tsao jen. Nuclei 
Jujube. P. Surry, 44, sub Buckthorn. 
Further particulars in another part. 
337.—E] Wii pai ki. P., XXXVI, 26. T., CCLXXI. 
Comp. Classics, 485. 
_ Pen king:—Pai (white) ki. The spines of the tree are 
officinal. Taste pungent. Nature cold. Non-poisonous. 
Besides the thorns, the twigs, flowers, fruit and leaves aré 
used in medicine, - 
Pie lu:—Other names : oh HE] ki ts‘e* (thorn), # fi 
ki chen (needle) and #2 3% si ming" ; the flowers are termed 
“ Properly a name applied te Thlaspi, See 252. 
