MATERIA MEDICA OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE. 523 
name sien jen chang (staff of the immortals) is sometimes 
applied to the kouw k%. But the same name is also given to 
two other plants. One is a vegetable resembling the k‘u kil 
(Lactuca) and the other a kind of black bamboo. 
K‘ou Tsonc-sui [12th cent.]:—There is no foundation for 
the statement that the kow &% and the kou ki are distinct plants. 
The only difference is that one is the old and the other the 
young plant. The latter is abundantly provided with spines, 
whilst the old plant is unarmed or has only few spines. 
The suan tsao [thorny jujube. See 336] shows the same 
peculiarity with respect to the Ki [see 837]. 
Li Sui-cuen :—In aucient times the best kou k% and 
ti ku were produced in Ch‘ang shan [in Chi li, App. 8], 
and the plant is still found there. But subsequently the 
drug from Shen si became famous and that from Kan chou 
[Kan chou fu in Kan su] was considered the best sort. 
The kou k% which now grows in Lan chou and Ling chou 
[both in Kan su] and west of Kiu yiian [north of the Ordos, 
_ App. 157] is a large tree with thick leaves and a coarse 
- Yoot. But the kou ki of Ho si [west of the Yellow River, 
App. 79] and Kan chou [in Kan su] is distinguished by a 
globular fruit, like a cherry, which shrinks up when dried 
in the sun. It has but few kernels. The dried berry 1s 
_ Ted and of a sweet, agreeable taste like raisins. It is used 
for making sweetmeats. ‘This is quite different from the first- 
Mentioned hou hk‘. 
5 The name kou ki, in China as well as in Japan, is applied 
to Lycium chinense, 1.., and probably also to other species. 
_ For further particulars see Bot. sin., II, 526. 
. Tarar., Cat., 26 :—Kou ii isz. Bacex Tyeit chinensis. 
: Ibid., a 7F ke pi. Cortex radicis Lyeit—P. eae 
81 Kou ki, erroneously identified with Berberts Lyaum. 
