N. ORD.--BERBERIDACE®. 1 
GENUS.—PODOPHYLLUM »* LINN. 
SEX. SYST.-POLYANDRIA MONOGYNIA, 
PODOPHYLLUM. 
MA Y-APPLE. 
~ 
SYN.—PODOPHYLLUM PELTATUM, LINN.; ANAPODOPHYLLUM CANA- 
DENSE, CATESBY; ACONITIFOLIUS HUMILIS, Etc., MENTZ. 
COM. NAMES.—MAY-APPLE, INDIAN-APPLE, HOG-APPLE, WILD LEMON, 
DUCK’S FOOT, WILD JALAP, PECA, R&ACCOON-BERRY, MAN- 
DRAKE ;+ (FR.) PODOPHYLLE; (GER.) FUSSBLATT, SCHILDBLATT- 
IGER ENTENFUSS. 
A TINCTURE OF THE FRESH ROOT OF PODOPHYI.LUM PELTATUM, LINN. 
Description.—This well-known plant grows to a height of from 8 to 18 inches. 
Root perennial, horizontal, extending several feet; the annual growths are from 
1 to 3 inches in length, distinguishable by the scars of previous stems; they are 
cylindrical, from 1% to % inches in diameter, and give off a few, nearly simple, 
fibrous rootlets. Stems single, simple, erect, and rounded, the flowerless ones 
surmounted by a single 7 to 9 lobed leaf, round in its general outline, peltate in 
the centre, and somewhat resembling an umbrella; the flowering stems generally 
bifurcated at the summit, thus bearing two leaves, with a flower, at the bifurcation. 
Leaves of the flowering stems 2, somewhat one-sided and deeply lobed, the lobes 
variously incised and toothed; drooping at the edges, and strongly marked by the 
prominent roundish ribs below. Jnflorescence a single, drooping, pedunculated 
flower, generally in the fork of the stem, but sometimes varying greatly in its 
location.t Calyx during the prefloral stage, with three fugacious green bractlets 
at its base; sepals 6, breaking off from the peduncle as the bud expands, never 
appearing upon the flower except when, by accident, one of them clings to and 
deforms a petal. efals either 6 or 9, obovate, creamy-white, and fleshy. Stamens 
generally 12 to 18, twice as many as the petals ; filaments short ; anthers large, 
flattened, opening extrorsely by a single longitudinal line, thus forming what 
might be termed two lateral valves, hinged upon the inner surface ; pollen shaped 
like grains of rice, and furnished with three comparatively deep sulci. std sim- 
ple; ovary more or less ovoid, 1-celled ; ovules many, situated in many rows upon 
a broad, lateral placenta, extending the whole length of the cell; sty/e not mani- 
-globose, composed of a number of fleshy lobes 
fest; stigma more or less peltate 
* Iods, pous, a foot; 6yyor, phylion, a leaf. Probably from a supposed likeness of the leaf to the webbed foot of 
’ , ? ? , 
- Some aquatic bird. ; fE 
+ The true mandrake is Atropa mandragora ; habitat, south of Europe. 
t See article by Foerste, Bud/, Torr. Club, 1884, Pp. 63. 
