N. ORD.—CRUCIFERAS. | 26 
Tribe.—RAPHANE. 
GENUS.—RAPHANUS,* LINN. 
SEX. SYST.—TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA. 
RAPHANUS. 
RADISH. 
SYN.—RAPHANUS RAPHANISTRUM, LINN. 
COM. NAMES.—WILD RADISH, JOINTED CHARLOCK, CHARLOCK; (FR.) 
RAIFOOT, COMMUNE; (GER.) WILDE RETTIG. 
A TINCTURE OF THE FRESH ROOT OF RAPHANUS RHAPHANISTRUM, LINN. 
Des2ription.—This rapid-growing annual or biennial herb usually attains a 
height of from 1 to 2 feet. oot tap-shaped; stem erect, glaucous, sparingly 
bristly, and much branched below. Leaves lyrate, petiolate or sessile, dentate, and 
rough, the terminal lobe oval or obovate, Calyx erect, somewhat 2-saccate at the 
base. eéals at first yellow and veiny, becoming purplish or whitish with age, 
obovate and unguiculate. Stamens distinct toothless. Sty/e long; stigma capitate. 
Pod \inear-oblong, terete upward, longer than the style, 2-jointed, indehiscent, and 
valveless; the upper joint markedly necklace-form by strong contractions between 
the seeds; the lower joint often seedless and stalk-like. Seeds 3 to 8, large and 
spherical ; coty/edons conduplicate and incumbent. 
History and Habitat.—The Wild Radish grows profusely over the fields of 
Great Britain and Europe, and has become a troublesome weed in New England, 
New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, from whence it is spreading westward, 
It blossoms in July and fruits in September. | | 
The cultivated forms, 2. saévus, Linn., and its varieties, niger (Black Spanish), 
oblongus (Long Radish), and rotundus (Globose Radish), supposed to be of Chi- 
nese origin, are well-known salad roots; all of them have contributed more or less 
to our provings. Very little and unpronounced use has been made in medicine of 
these forms, or of the wild plant. The seeds have proved emetic, and the root 
diuretic and laxative. 
PART USED AND PREPARATION. — The fresh, perfect roots, gathered 
when full formed, at about the time of flowering, are chopped and pounded to a 
pulp and weighed. Then two parts by weight of alcohol are taken, the pulp 
d the rest of the alcohol added. 
thoroughly mixed with one sixth part of it, an 
* ‘pa, ra, quickly; ¢alve, phaino, to appear; from its rapid germination, 
