N. ORD.—VIOLACEZ:, 27 
GENUS.—V10LA,* LINN. 
SEX. SYST.—PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
VIOLA TRICOLOR JACEA%. 
WILD PANSY. 
SYN.—VIOLA TRICOLOR, LINN.; VIOLA BICOLOR, PURSH; VIOLA TEN- 
ELLA, MUHL.; VIOLA ARVENSIS, ELL.; JACEA TRICOLOR, SIVE 
TRINITATIS, ETC., J. BAUH. 
COM. NAMES.—PANSY, PANSIE, PANSEY, HEART’S-EASE, THREE COL- 
ORED VIOLET, TRINITY VIOLET, FIELD PANSY, WILD PANSY; 
(FR.) PENSEE; (GER.) STIEFMUTTERCHEN-KRAUT, FREISAMKRAUT. 
A TINCTURE OF THE WHOLE FRESH PLANT VIOLA TRICOLOR, LINN. 
Description.— This beautiful little plant, belonging to the leafy-stemmed violets, 
springs from an annual, biennial, or short-lived perennial, fusiform root. Sve 3 to 8 
inches high, angled, at first creeping, then erect, simple or branched, and leafy 
throughout; stpules very large, herbaceous, lyrate-pinnatifid. /nflorescence several 
smallish flowers on a terminal and axillary peduncle. Ca/yx with short auricles. 
Corolla with an obtuse, thick spur; Aeda/s short clawed. Ovary partly concealed 
in the concave receptacle ; sty/e somewhat conical, narrowing toward the ovary; 
stigma cup-shaped. Capsule smooth; seeds oblong. 
Description.—Violacee and Viola.—The plants under this natural order and 
genus are low, caulescent or acaulescent, those with stems springing from annual or 
perennial roots, those without stems from scaly root-stocks. The /eaves are alter- 
nate and petiolate, with leaf-like persistent sépules. In the stemless violets the 
scapes are axillary, solitary, and furnished with two bracts at the base. /nflorescence 
a single, more or less irregular flower upon the incurved summit of the scape or 
peduncle; many species having also radical apetalous or cryptopetalous, fertile 
summer flowers. Calyx herbaceous, persistent; sefa/s 5, often auriculate at the 
base, the odd one superior. Corolla irregular; fefals 5, somewhat unequal, 
hypogynous, alternate with the sepals, the superior one—which becomes inferior 
by the inversion of the scape—is saccate or spurred at the base, the two lower 
petals with an appendage at the base concealed in the spur. Stamens 5, hypogy- 
nous upon a ring-like or concave torus, alternate with the petals, closely surround- 
ing the ovary, and are sometimes slightly coherent into a ring or tube; //aments 
very short and broad, projecting beyond the anther into a little persistent wing or 
tip, or sometimes obsolete. The two lower filaments, when present, are furnished 
+ Herring’s Condensed Materia Medica, 
* Derivation Latin, obscure. 
