N. ORD.—-RUBIACER. _ 76 
GENUS.—CEPHALANTHU S,* LINN. 
SEX, SYST.—TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA, : 
CEPHALANTHUS. 
BUTTON BUSH. 
SYN.—CEPHALANTHUS OCCIDENTALIS, LINN. 
COM. NAMES.—BUTTON BUSH, BUTTON-WOOD,; CRANE WILLOW, POND- 
DOGWOOD, SNOWBALL,i GLOBE FLOWER;2 (FR.) BOIS DE PLOMB, 
CEPHALANTHE D’AMERIQUE; (GER.) KNOPFBUSCH, AMERIKAN- 
ISCHE WEISSBALL. 
A TINCTURE OF THE FRESH BARK OF CEPHALANTHUS OCCIDENTALIS, LINN. 
Description.—This smooth or pubescent|| shrub attains a growth of from 5 to 
15 feet. Stem diffusely branching; davé smooth and reddish on the branchlets, 
rough and yellowish on the stems; dvanches opposite. Leaves large, opposite, and — 
ternate, both arrangements often appearing upon the same branch, petiolate, 
ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, dark-green, and smooth; sépzd/es interme- 
diate, ovate, sometimes toothed. /nflorescence dense, axillary and terminal, globu- 
lar heads; peduncles longer than the diameter of the heads ; flowers creamy-white, 
sessile upon a globose, hirsute receptacle. Ca/yx tube inversely pyramidal ; /2é 
4-toothed. Corolla slender, tubular, or funnel-form ; margin 4-toothed ; /eeth erect, 
imbricate in zstivation. S¢amens 4, hardly exserted. S¢y/e filiform, greatly exserted ; 
stigma capitate, globose. Fruit small, dry, pyriform, 2 to 4 celled, cleaving from the 
base to form 2 to 4 1-seeded divisions ; seeds pendulous, crowned with acork-like 
arillus ; emdryo straight in the axis; a/bumen somewhat cartilaginous; colyledons 
leaf-like. 
Rubiacesw.—This large and important order has but few representatives in 
North America, but yields many valuable drugs in the hotter climates. It is char- 
acterized as follows: Herbs or shrubs. Leaves opposite, entire, or sometimes 
whorled and astipulate ; s¢pzdles intermediate and connective. Ca/yx coherent 
with the ovary. Corolla regular, tubular. S/amens as many as the lobes of the 
corolla, and inserted upon its tube. Ovary 2 to 4 celled. Seeds anatropous or am- 
phitropous. 
The important m 
vian barks, .¢., pale bark (Concho 
Calisaya, Wedd.), red bark (Czxchor 
edicinal plants of this family are: The cinchonas or Peru- 
na officinalis, Linn.), Calisaya bark (C7nchona 
a succiruba, Pav.), Columbian bark (Cznchona 
* Kepadi, hephale, a head; divO0;, anthos, a flower, 
+ The true button-wood is the sycamore, a large tree growing a 
t The true snowball is Symphorica é‘ 
@ The true globe flower is Zrollius laxus, Salis. 
|| Var. pubescens, Raf. 
long rivers (Platanus occidentalis, Linn.). 
rpus racemosus, Mich. (Caprifoliacez), 
(Ranunculacez), 
