HEMATOXYLON CAMPECHIANUM. 33 
CASALPINE A, 
BROWN. 
ae -toothed or bilabiate, deciduous and withering on the plant. Corolla irregular, 
: er on ee arty regular, spreading, of five petals, which are free, inserted into the bottom of 
Ras asics ten, or fewer from abortion, often unequal, perigynous, or inserted with the petals, usually free, 
oes united. Ovary free, placenta unilateral. Seeds without albumen. Embryo straight. Leaves alternate, 
stipulate, impari- or abruptly pinnate, sometimes single. (Royle, Mat. Med.) oe 
This division of Leguminose abounds in tropical parts of the world, but a few are found in more temperate atitudes. 
The medical properties of them are somewhat varied ; some contain astringent matter, others a purgative principle. 
HAMATOXYLON CAMPECHTANUM. 
LINN&EUS. 
LOGWOOD. 
Sex. Syst.—Decandria, Monogynia. 
Gey. Cuar.—Calycine sepals five, coalescing at the base into a short, subpersistent tube; segments deciduous, 
oblong, obtuse. Petals five, scarcely longer than the calyx. Stamens ten, with the filaments pilose at the base, and 
the anthers eglandulose. Style capillary. Legume compressed, plane, lance-shaped, acuminate at both ends, one-celled, 
two-seeded ; sutures closed, bursting longitudinally at the middle of the valves; seeds transversely oblong ; cotyledons 
two-lobed. (De Candolle.) 
Spectr. Coar.—A low, spreading tree; stem generally crooked and deformed, seldom thicker than a man’s thigh ; 
Somewhat flexuose, terete, albido-punctate ; in mountain and moist situations unarmed ; in plains, or where 
the tree is stunted, furnished with spines below the leaves. Leaves two to four from the same point, (an irregular, rough, 
tuberculated prominence,) pinnate, sometimes dividing in a bipinnate manner at the lowest pair of leaflets; leaflets 
four-paired, shortly petiolated, obovate or obcordate. Racemes at first about the length of the leaf, afterwards as the 
pods form elongating. Flowers on pedicels, half an inch in length, yellow, slightly fragrant. Calyx deeply five-partite ; - 
unequal, thin, membranaceous, purpurascent, deciduous ; tube short, green, bell-shaped. Petals subequal, obovate, 
wedge-shaped at the base, scarcely longer than the sepals. Stamens alternately short, inserted, as also the petals, on 
the inside of the margin of the persistent tube of the calyx; anthers ovate. Ovary lanceolate, compressed, three- 
ovuled. Style Projecting beyond the stamens and petals; stégma capitate, expanded. Pods compressed, plane, — 
oa acuminate at both ends, one-celled, two-seeded, not opening at the sutures, but bursting longitudinally by a 
division passing down through both valves. (Macfadyen, Flora of Jamaica.) 
ms os Wood 1s a native of Campeachy, but has been introduced into the West India Islands, as Jamaica, where it 
is a. in 1715. Royle says it has been taken to India. The inner-wood or heart-wood is the part used in the 
. im medicine, The sap-wood is removed. 
a ee into the market in billets several feet in length; the wood is reddish, hard, heavy, and of uniform 
_ Hematin is the ay ; no smell, and an astringent, sweetish taste. It contains a volatile oil, hematin, tannin, &c. 
aE Fea. col ouring principle, obtained pure in a crystalline state. 
itt ani IS % mild astringent. The colouring principle is absorbed and colours the secretion of urine. Asan 
> ee roborant the drug is sometimes employed. It yields its virtues both to water and alcohol. The modes 
or extract. As a dye, Logwood is much used. 
~ “Presents the plant in flower, the flower and Sruit in different states of maturity. 
9 
