MEDICAL BOTANY. 
cles which correspond to the depressions on the inferior face, disappearing in the old leaves, leaving only vestiges of them, 
The petiole is six times shorter than the leaves, flat on one side, convex on the other, most frequently rose coloured, as 
well as the principal nerve. Stzpules two, opposite, caducous, six to eight lines in length, covered on the under side 
with a mucilaginous acid liquid, externally provided with numerous hairs. Flowers white, often of a beautiful rose 
colour, disposed in a panicle at the extremity of the branches,—having an agreeable odour. Peduncles cylindrical, 
silky, divided into threes, pedicels one-flowered, bracteolate ; bracts small, acute, persistent. Calyx persistent, four lines 
long, campanulate, silky and pulverulose, five toothed. Corolla funnel shaped, an inch long, caducous, tube marked 
with five obtuse angles, which often split their entire length, covered with short silky hairs, limb shorter than the 
tube, divided into five equal parts, divisions oval (roundish triangular), covered above with numerous long white hairs. 
Stamens five, shorter than the tube of the corolla. Ovary oval glabrous. Style straight. Stigma divided into two 
parts. rut capsule oval, bilocular, crowned by the teeth of the calyx, marked by two opposite sutures, separatin 
into two valves. Seeds lenticular, provided with a membranous border. (Condensed from Humboldt and Bonpland, 
- Plantes Equinoc.) 
This plant is named by Humboldt and Bonpland, in honour of the French mathematician and naturalist De La 
Condamine, who first noticed it From this species the genus Cinchona was formed in 1742 by Linneus, and pub- 
lished in the second edition of the Gen. Plant. The Specimens were sent to him by De La Condamine, and he gave 
the name to this the only species he then possessed of Cinchona officinalis, but subsequently confounded under the 
same name, from supposing it to be a variety, the C. cordifolia procured from Mutis. De La Condamine wrote a 
paper on the plant in the Acta Paris, for 1738. Subsequently to Linneus’ publication, a number of species were 
placed to the C. officinalis, which have since been declared to be distinct. Ruiz and Pavon do not describe the C. 
condaminea, but only refer to it as affording a superior kind of bark. (Unpublished Memoir, seen by Lindley.) The 
nearest approach to the present species is the C. lancifoa Mutis, which Bonpland, in a MS. note in Lambert's Her- 
ium, supposes identical, an error corrected by Humboldt and alluded to by Lindley. In the Herbarium of the 
Academy of Natural Sciences, are specimens of both, the C. condaminea labelled “Serro de Uritusinga, near Loxa, 
from Wm. Jameson, Esq. ;” and the C. lancifolia, labelled « Bonpland, from Baldwin, New Granada.” The difference 
between them is so essential and apparent, that to mistake the one for the other would seem impossible. . 
The C. condaminea grows near Loxa, in the mountains of Cajanuma Uritusinga, and in those of Boqueron, Villonaco 
and Monje. It is also found near Guancabamba and Ayavaca in Peru. It always grows on micaceous schist, and 
rises as high as 9500 feet above the level of the sea, first appearing at the elevation of 5700 feet; so that it occupies @ 
zone of 1800 feet. (Humboldt.) From this 
plant is obtained, according to the best authorities, the Crown bark, or 
Loxa bark of English commerce. The best bark is obtained from it, but inferior qualities are mixed, hence the diffi 
culty of identify ing all the samples in the cases by the description of the bark. The reason why this bark was called 
Crown bark, is, that it was used by the royal family of Spain. It is a matter of history that in 1804, a Spanish bing 
sel was captured off Cadiz by the English, in which were found parcels of this bark, labelled “ Para la real famahe. 
= a quilled bark, in length six to fifteen inches, in diameter two lines to an inch, in thickness — to 
two lines, singly and doubly rolled. Externally it is cracked transversely, the cracks at short distances from each other, 
and elevated at the edges. It is also furrowed. The thick quills are rough and warty. The epidermis 1s gray ee 
brown, varied by the erustaceous lichens; the larger quills are darker coloured. ‘The inner side is smooth—and 0 
a a brown colour. It has a tan-like odour, and a bitter astringent, somewhat aromatic taste. itis 
tised ee preyed of chemists, as Pelletier and Caventou and Bucholz, this bark contains cinchonia only. 
Puate xLY ebrifuge, but has given way to the barks which contain quinia. 
—Represents this plant in flower, with the dissected flower, and the fruit. 
CEPHELIS IPECACUANHA. 
RICHARD. 
IPECACUANHA. 
Sex. Syst.—Pen 
tandria Monogynj 
Gen. Cuar. an 
ne ; its 
Tube of the calyx obovate, limb very short, five toothed. Corolla somewhat funnel shaped ; } 
* 
