102 MODERN SYSTEM, 



Sp. 1. Tal. LocuslH. Antennas subtestaceous-rufous, of the male longer 

 than the body, of the female shorter ; body cinereous, varied with 

 darker cinereous. 



Oniscus Locusta. Pallas? Talitrus Locusta. Lafr., Bosc, Leach. As-, 

 tacus Locusta. Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 21. Cancer {Gummarm) Saltator. 

 Montagu, Tram. Linn. Soc. xi. 94. 



Inhabits the sandy shores of the European Ocean. 



The specific name Locusta is probably derived from the form of 

 its protruded mouth, which has a general resemblance to the same 

 part in the Gryllides. 



It has never been observed in the water ; it burrows in the sand, 

 and leaps about on the shore. Talitrus littoralis, described in the 

 seventh volume of the Edinburgh Encijclofadia, is merely the fe- 

 male of T. Locusta. 



The use of this animal (which is generally denominated Sand- 

 hopper) in the economy of nature, appears to be that of contributing 

 to the dissolution of putrid animal and vegetable matter ; serving 

 in return as food to the shore birds, who devour it with avidity. 



Genus 3. ORCHESTIA. Leach. 



Four anterior legs of the male monodactyle ; second pair with a com- 

 pressed hand ; of the female, with the anterior pair monodactyle, the 

 second didactyle: upper antcnme not longer than the two first joints 

 of the under ones. 



Sp. 1. Ore. littorea. 



Pancer Gummarus littoreus. Montagu, Trans. Linn. Soc. xi. 96. Orche- 

 stia littorea. Leach, Edin. Encjjcl. vii. 402. pi 21. Jig. C. — Trans. 

 Linn. Soc. xi. 356. — Supp. to Encycl. Brit.'i. 424. 



Inhabits many of our shores, and is found at the mouths of rivers, but 

 has never been observed in the water. It resides under stones and 

 fuci, and in the evening it leaps about and is devoured by birds. 



Stirps 2. — Antenna four-jointed, the last joint composed of several 

 littl-e joints ; upper ones rather shortest. 



Genus 4. DEXAMINE. Leach. 



pour anterior legs sub-equal, monodactyle, furnished with a filiform- 

 subovate hand : antoiwrf' with their first joint shortest: fj/es oblong, 

 not prominent, inserted behind the superior antennae : tail on each 

 side with three double styles, and above on each side with one move- 

 able style. 



Sp. 1. De.v. spinosa. Segments of the abdomen behind, produced into 

 spines. 



Cancer (Gammarus) spinosus. Montagu, Trans. Linn. Soc. xi. 3. Dex- 

 amine spinosa. Leach, Edin. Enci/cl. vii. 433. — Zool. JMisccl. ii. 21, 

 — Trans. Linn. Soc. xi. 359. — Supp. to Encycl. Brit. i. 425. 



Inhabits the sea of the western coasts of Britain. 



