Re?Karl's on tie Description of the Stafford Wheel-Plough. 33- 



qiience that will be plained from tlicm. They muft be level 

 in the folc, and can neither caft, cleave, nor gather a ridge; there- 

 fore are inicrior to two fingle ploughs, wrought by the like 

 number of men and horfes. I alfo think, the latter will go 

 eafier^ aiid make much better work. 



4. That the driver will command the horfes better, 

 walking alongfide of them, than at the tail of the plough, 

 may be true, when horfes are wrought in a line ; bilt, when 

 yoked a-brcait, the contrary is the cafe. In dry ground, 

 horfes work with more cfle(^ in pairs, than in line. 



5. An acre per day, Englifli meauire, is rather below a medium 

 of work, efpeciallj" if the furrows, or lljces, are taken at a nine 

 inch breadth, tind only live or fix inches deep* Thefe arc not 

 proper fites when ploughing for feed, either on lea land, or 

 ihibble \ n.tid it muft firlt be proved,, that laying the furrow on 

 its b^ck, is a good pofition, for certainly a furrow of the fize 

 mentioned, will not lie in any other way. A furrow nearer 

 the fquare of whatever fize it (hall he, provided breadth and 

 depth are fuiliibly proportioned, will receive more benefit from 

 the atmofphere, itand more rain, and be eaiier reduced with th^ 

 harrows, than where the dices are thin, and the original pofi- 

 t'on reverftd. 



6. It is true^ that fome fields are fiv^e times harder to plough 

 than others ', ?.nd tliat one horfe may give the feed fnrrow, to 

 barley, turnips, or well wrought fummer fallows ; but, be- 

 caufe one horfe may be fnfficient in thefe inftances, it does not 

 follow that two are unprofitably employed, feeing that they 

 are able to go at a fafter flep. I know^ of no cultivated land, 

 but what may be fufficlently wrought with two horfes, if the 

 proper feafon is chofen ', and the only difiereru^e that I would 

 make betwixt light and ftilF foils, is, to ^o at a greater pace on 

 the firft than the laft : Upon rough uncultivated land, the cafe 

 may be different. 



7. The figure of the plo'ugh, is nearly tlie fame with our 

 own,- but vvhen it is confidered, that in ours two horfes work 

 a-breaft, and that according to the defcription given, three are 

 yoked in length,- there mull appear a necelTity,- for a great diffe- 

 rence in the line of draught. This line, in a two horfe plough,; 

 is drawn from the eyes of the back-bands, through the point of 

 the beam to three inches b^ick from the point oi the sheath : 

 but the line of draught in the three horfe ploughs, where 

 yoking in length is praclifed, muft be taken fiom the 

 fnoulders, or back-band of the middle hsrfe,- if they are of equal 

 fize ; and even a line drawn from the middle horfe will be 

 lower (in going to tb.e iliare), by two cr three inches at tlie 

 point of the beam, than the line drawn from the hind horle. 

 All this muft be cornteracfted by the whe-ls, or by lowering 



VOL. V. NO. xvir. C t>i« 



