GOOSANDER. 



(Mergus mergatiser, Lin. Lath. Ind. ii. p. 828. sp. 1. Wilson 

 viii. p. 68. pL 68. fig. 1. [male] and 2. [female.] Bonap. Synops 

 No. 347. Temm. ii. p. 881. Rich, and Swains, ii. p. 461. Goos 

 ander, or Merganser, Penn. Brit. Zool. p. 147. t. JV. Ibid. Arct 

 Zool. 2. No. 465. Le Harle, Buff. PL Enluin. 951. Mergus castor 

 Gmel. Lath. Ind. ii. sp. 2. [female]. Le Harlefemdle, Burr. Ois 

 viii. p. 236. Id. Pi. Enluin. 953. Dun-Diver, or Sparling Fowl 

 Lath. Syn. vi. p. 420, 421. ^. [female.'] Phil. Museum, No. 2932.) 



Sp. Charact. — Speculum white, uninterrupted ; bill and feet red ; 

 nostrils about the middle of the bill. — Male black, neck and 

 beneath white ; the head tufted, purplish-green. Female cinere- 

 ous, beneath white ; head rufous, tufted. 



The Goosander inhabits the remote northern regions of 

 both continents, being seen during summer on the borders 

 of grassy lakes and streams throughout the whole of the fur 

 countries, and are among the latest of their tribe in autumn 

 to seek an asylum in milder climates. They are said to 

 breed in every latitude in the Russian empire, but mostly in 

 the north. They are common also in Kamtschatka, and 

 extend through northern Europe, to the wintry shores of 



