BLACK GUILLEMOT. 523 



BLACK GUILLEMOT. 



(Uria grylle, Lath. Ind. ii. p. 797. sp. 2. Temm. Man. d'Orn. ii. 

 p. 925. BoNAP. Synops. No. 371, Rich, and Swains. North. 

 Zool. ii. p. 478. Vieill. Gal. des Ois. pi. 294. Black Guille- 

 mot, Penn. Arct. Zool. ii. No. 437. Black Greenland Dove, 

 Edwards, pi. 50. [small figure]. Spotted Greenland Dove, Ibid. 

 [front figure, a moulting individual]. Spotted Guillemot, Penn. 

 Brit. Zool. ii. pi. 83. fig. 2. Uria baltica and U. grylloides, 

 Brunn. Orn. Boreal, p. 28. No. 114. 115, and 116. [moulting 

 individuals]. U. lacteola, Lath. ii. sp. 3. (Cephus lacteolus, 

 Pallas.) [an albino ?].) 



Sp. Charact. — A large white space on the middle of the wings : 

 the feet red. — Summer plumage entirely black, wing coverts 

 white. Winter dress, black, with the cheeks and beneath white. 



The Black Guillemot is a general inhabitant of the 

 whole Arctic seas of both continents. It has even been 

 called the dove of Greenland, being common in that country, 

 as well as on the still more dreary coasts of Spitzbergen. 

 In the hyperboreal seas and straits of America they also 

 abound, from the inclement shores of Melville Island down 

 to Hudson's Bay, and Labrador. According to Mr. Audu- 

 bon they also breed on the isle of Grand Manan in the 

 Gulf of the St. Lawrence. Like the other Guillemots they 

 are entirely marine, never going inland, and rarely seek the 

 coast but for the indispensable purpose of reproduction. In 

 the cold and desolate regions of the north, abandoned by 

 nearly every other animal, the Guillemots, though in dimin- 

 ished numbers, find means to pass the winter ; frequenting 

 at such times the pools of open water, which occur even in 

 these high latitudes amongst the floes of ice. Others, but \n 

 small numbers, and those probably bred in lower lati- 

 tudes, venture in the winter along the coasts of the United 

 States. In Europe they are also seen at this season along 



