SUPERFAMILY TINEOIDEA 101 



mines may be found on a single leaf. They occur on the 

 upper surface and are slightly visible from the lower surface 

 of the leaf. A small amount of frass is scattered in the 

 linear portion of the mine but later as the mine increases in 

 size it is ejected through small holes cut by the larva through 

 the lower epidermis of the leaf. As the frass is pushed from 

 the mine the pellets adhere end to end presenting a linked 

 appearance. Later the frass becomes massed about the 

 opening through which it was pushed. 



The larva is cream in color and distinctly constricted 

 between the segments, giving it a bead-like appearance. 

 Thoracic legs are present, the prolegs are rudimentary and 

 represented on the third, fourth, fifth and sixth segments 

 by uniserial circles of crochets. 



The full-grown larvae abandon the mine and pupate in 

 a delicate white silken cocoon somewhat tubular in shape 

 and fastened by means of a few silken threads to the under 

 surface of the leaf which is often curled for protection. The 

 pupa is light brown in color with the antennal sheaths pro- 

 jecting greatly beyond the tip of the abdomen and with the 

 head produced into two distinct points. 



Bedellia somnulentella is found both in Europe and in 

 America. It was first described in Europe but as its favor- 

 ite host, the morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea), is a native 

 of American tropics this may also have been native to 

 America. Clemens first called attention to the insect on 

 this continent and gave a good account of its habits. When 

 young the larvae make narrow transparent mines, marked 

 with a central line of frass, in the leaves of the morning 

 glory. When partly grown they desert these initial mines 

 and, half-looping over the leaves, enter between the cuticles 

 at a new place. From that time until they are full-fed 

 they eat out the parenchyma in blotches, making one or 

 more blotch mines. During this part of the feeding the 

 larvae either leave the anal segments extruded through the 



