SUPERFAMILY TINEOIDEA 119 



not always in the one made upon emerging from the leaf 

 nor is it always as tightly bound down as in the feeding 

 shelter. 



In form the larvae are subcylindrical. They are often 

 marked by four black spots upon the upper surface of the 

 prothorax. The cocoons spun by larvae of this genus are 

 different from those of most related genera in that they are 

 usually reddish or brownish in color and somewhat mottled. 

 In texture they are firm and opaque. 



Over-wintering cocoons are spun in the fall and adults 

 usually emerge from these in May, the pupal shells being 

 thrust through the cocoons in their release. There are 

 several broods each season. 



The unspotted tentiform leaf-miner of the apple, Parornix 

 prunivorella is a very common miner of apples, cherries and 

 other w^oody rosaceous plants. It is known from the At- 

 lantic States westward at least as far as Missouri. The 

 adults, small, dark, steelgray moths 7 to 9 mm. in expanse, 

 emerge in early spring from over-wintering cocoons. They 

 soon lay eggs, and from then until late autumn moths or 

 caterpillars may be found. In Missouri, Dr. L. Haseman 

 says that there are five fairly well marked generations during 

 the summer months, each one requiring about four weeks 

 for its development. Farther north the generations are 

 not so many. 



The eggs are deposited during the evening or at night. 

 They are to be found singly on the lower surface of the 

 leaves. They are slightly oval in outline, flattened and 

 exceedingly small, being but 0.25 to 0.4 mm. in length. 

 They are finely sculptured over the whole surface but on 

 the side next the leaf the marking is somewhat obscured by 

 its pressure against the leaf and by the cement attaching 

 it to the cuticle, and form a sort of ball which is suspended 

 from the walls with silk. 



In the later stages the head capsule is marked with four 



