ORDER DIPTERA 269 



pupates in the leaves, emerging during the latter weeks of 

 June. There is but one brood. The attacked leaves turn 

 down and lay flat on the water. After a few weeks of warm 

 weather the greater part of the affected plants sprout again. 



Another species of Hydrellia was reared by Miss Moore 

 (1915) from the leaves of Potamogeton amplifolius Pond 

 weed. The larvae produced linear mines on the upper sur- 

 face of the leaves. The puparium was formed at the ends of 

 these mines. 



Notiphila 



The European species N. flaveola Meig., is a leaf miner on 

 poppy and nasturtium. Goureau (1851) describes the mine 

 of this species on nasturtium. It makes a blotch mine in 

 the center of the leaf where the veins converge. The pupar- 

 ium is formed within the mine. 



CORDYLURIDAE 



Several European species belonging to the genus Parai- 

 lelomma have been recorded as leaf -miners on wild lilies and 

 orchids. In studying the North American leaf-mining 

 species, Frost, frequently found a species of Diptera mining 

 the leaves of Solomon's seal (Polygonatum) and the false 

 Solomon's seal (Smilacina). Many larvae were reared and 

 puparia secured but no adults emerged. Comparing these 

 with the mines and puparia of the European species it was 

 determined that the miner of Solomon's seal belonged to the 

 genus Parallelomma. 



The Solomon seal leaf -miner lays their pure white eggs in 

 groups of two or three on the under surface of the leaf. 

 The eggs are conspicuous against the green leaf and are 

 about 1.5 to 2 mm. long. Even after the larvae have finished 

 their mining the eggs shell can be found on the under surface 

 of the leaf. The miners are gregarious several uniting their 



