266 



TRANSLOCATION IN PLANTS 



Cambiform cells, 205 

 Cambium, continuity and growth, 

 41 

 exudation (or secretion) from, 



148, 169, 172 

 growth of and food supply, 249, 



250 

 protoplasmic streaming in, 42 

 translocation by, 41, 42 

 Carbohydrate, amounts carried, 92- 

 96, 112, 136, 178, 181, 217 

 contents of shoots ringed vs. 



xylem cut, 40 

 cross transfer of, 58 

 direction of movement, 188-202, 



209, 211-214, 217 

 diurnal changes, 189, 196 

 diurnal transport, 156 

 effect on ash or nitrogen absorp- 

 tion or retention, 50, 52, 

 61-64, 70, 81, 82, 84, 86, 123, 

 200 

 effect on growth, 40, 41, 235-238 

 effect on regeneration, 238, 239 

 forms of transport, 187-202 

 gradients, 188-198, 218, 243-245 

 removal, from leaves as influenced 

 by number of leaves, 61 

 of stored, conditions affecting, 

 16, 20-21 

 soluble, found in xylem, 5, 6, 9, 

 12, 80, 94, 101, 105, 116-124 

 transport, assumed in xylem, 5, 6, 

 34, 36 

 Companion cells, 9, 138, 187, 197 

 204, 219 

 and accumulation against gra- 

 dient, 197, 204 

 protoplasmic streaming in, 139, 

 181 

 Competition between tissues, for 

 solutes, 239-248 

 for water, 27-30, 40, 54, 111, 

 238, 240 

 Composition changes, diurnal, 55, 

 61, 64-70, 82, 189 



Composition changes, methods of 

 determining, 63-67, 76, 77, 221, 

 224 

 methods of expressing, 49, 50, 74, 



76, 189-191 

 seasonal, 189, 221 



{See also Phloem exudate; Sap; 

 Xylem exudate) 

 Crafts pressure flow hypothesis, 

 164-166, 186, 216, 227, 228 

 advantages, 166, 171 

 weaknesses, 166-174, 178, 219, 

 248 

 Criteria of transport, 44, 109-131 



(*S'ee also Methods) 

 Cross transfer of carbohydrates, 

 nitrogen, and water, 58 



D 



Diffusion, along walls, 172, 174 

 distances involved, 175-177, 185 

 effect of adsorption on, 142 

 gradient, 144, 175, 177, 187-202, 

 240-242 

 and rate of movement, 194, 215 

 inadequacy of, 137, 174 

 and movement of hormone, 215 

 through parenchyma, 88, 136 

 through phloem, 136-138, 189, 



222 

 through plasmodesma, 76 

 and salt absorption, 71 

 over short distances, 175 

 Directive movement of specific 

 substances, 158, 159, 177, 195, 

 248 

 Distribution of solutes within cell, 

 unequal, 195, 196, 203, 209, 210, 

 213, 216, 218 

 Diurnal absorption of nitrogen, 70, 

 82 

 composition changes, 55, 61, 64— 



70, 82, 189, 196 

 transport, of nitrogen or ash, 55, 

 61, 64-70 

 of sugar, 156 

 Dominance, as controlled through 

 protoplasmic streaming, 245 



