132 



There is a true Cossus with mottled upper Avings, and yellow 

 under wings, black at the base and inner margin, — Rohinice^ J"? 

 Here is also a large moth (ex. alar. 4 in.) apparently allied to 

 Cossus, which I do not at all know ; its wings are more pointed. 

 The anterior are Avhite, mottled or clouded with fuscous, Avhich 

 forms almost a transverse bar near the middle, and a darker 

 cloud or two near the outer margin. Cilia dirty white, with 

 fuscous dots. Posterior wings pale fuscous. Cilia as in an- 

 terior wings. Body pale fuscous, the incisure of the abdomen 

 darker. Antenna; setaceous, ? ? 



You will see above, outlines of two or three larvas. [They 

 are figured by Doubleday in Newman's Entomologist, and de- 

 scribed on p. 55, etc.] You will observe that the first, 60 \_IIe- 

 terocampa Astarte Doubl.] , is very unlike Stauropus, and must 

 necessarily lead to the formation of a new genus. Stephens 

 thinks so. I would suggest the name Balia Qiiaho','^ maculo- 

 sus, velox \_Heterocampa Doubleday, Entomologist, p. 55]. In 

 Stauropus the anal tuft of the male is larger, and the antennae 

 of S more pectinated ; also the abdomen of the 9 is tufted, in 

 this not. The two next larvas are of my 56. The upper ap- 

 pears to be the full grown larva, from which it would appear 

 that the young have the anal prolegs fit for use. These both 

 belong to the same genus. You will add to the description of 

 56 and 60 the followino; of the larvas : — 



60. Larva green, dotted all over with dusky spots. Back 



the wing, especially near the anal angle. The palpi nearly similar to Cossiis, hut less 

 hairy. 



Hcpialus differs in the neui-ation of the wings, and also in their texture. The short 

 moniliform antennae of all our species, save one, easily distinguish it. Palpi and 

 maxillaj none. H. sylvinus has short, pectinated antennjE, and probably ought to 

 be a distinct genus. In liabit it differs matei'ially from Cossus and Zeuzera. Both 

 the latter have internal feeding larvaj, and sit generally on the trees on which the larvce 

 have fed. Hcpialus has a subterranean larva eating the roots of vegetables. The perfect 

 insects fly low over the grass, often making a segment of a circle in their flight. The 

 motion of Hepialus Jiectus, $ , is exactly that of the ball of a pendulum. They fly 

 early, sometimes as soon as sunset. They sleep on the blades of grass, or on the shoots 

 of brushwood. 



