THE FARM AND GARDEN. 



him that It Is his place to work, ■work, work. 

 Uttle by little your olan luitl work ; tho farm 

 without comforts, thehome without pleasure, the 

 life without hope, will by-and-bye wean the boy 

 from the ferm ; and the glare and the glitter of 

 elty lite, like the moth is drawn to the candle, will 

 draw your boy to the city. Dazzled and bewil- 

 dered by the change, he Is loth to leave the city 

 With Its ailurementH, to again go back to the 

 eountry, where bin early life was shorn of its 

 pleasnresi, and the brightest days of his boyhood 

 were lost and obscured by a cloud, with no bright 

 ■pot In the memory of his youth to call hl'n 

 back to the farm. 



The fatheron the farm Is alone In his old age, he 

 Is burdened with sorrow. The old homestead Is 

 going to decay, the farm is a ruin. The vigor of 

 manhood is wasted in the city, that labor which 

 ■would have ennobled the farm and beautified 

 Its landscape, made productive its Selds, and 

 OTnamented the home. Is lost in the care and dls- 

 tmst of the city. Its turmoil and anxieties, 

 take the; plac^ of the quiet homestead, whose 

 beauties are faded and whose opportunities are 

 lost. 



[" How to Kef-p Bout on the Pami," will be given 

 At February iVumficr.— Ed.] 



THE COMPOSITION OF CROPS. 



VBOnTABLS RKADINn FOR TlIK SClBNTinC PARMKR, 

 AND MOT wrrHOUT VALITK TO EVKBYONK. 



fly " CompoHtian^* 



Bo mnch has been written abont potash, phos- 

 phorlo acid, and Nitrogen, within the past few 

 years, that the average reader of the agricultural 

 papers knows that these are the names of the 

 three substances needed in any soil to render It 



Eroductlve. In other words, no soil, no matter 

 ow well supplied with other things; no matter 

 how well drained and cultivated, can produce a 

 crop wlthonl the presence of sufficient potash, 

 phosphoric acid, and nitrogen, and In an availa- 

 tile form for the growing plants. 



It will be Interesting, now that the crops are all 

 gathered, to sit down to a small table we have 

 prepared, and talk over the amounts of the three 

 leading essentials, above mentioned, required In 

 the production of a few of our leading crop*. 



In the first group Is placed the cereals and 

 meadow hay, '.he second contains leguminous 

 crops, and the third, root crops. The kind of 

 orops is given in the rtrst column, the weight in 

 pounds, of the crop per acre. In the second ; the 

 Hune dry In the third; In the fourth, ash; fol- 

 lotred by the nitrogen, potash, and phosphoric 

 aeld. In the last three columns:— 



AilbrmK. 



Wheat, 4,968. 



Barley, ifia. 



Oats, 4,72s, 



Hay, 8,860. 



Drj. 

 4,18.^ 



8,827. 

 8,978. 

 2,822. 



Aih. 

 189. 

 1-W. 

 IM. 

 208. 



46. 



47. 

 52. 

 4». 



PotTl. Phn».A il 



27.9. 22.7. 



31.4. 

 .881. 

 58.3. 



20.6, 

 18.9. 

 12.7. 



81 .8. 

 25.1. 



21.7. 

 SS.l. 

 49.1. 



II. 

 Beans, 4.160. 3,tfll. 187. Wl. 81.1. 

 B. Clover, 4,480. 8,703. 265. 102. 87.4. 



III. 

 Bw»de«, 88.0W. 4,055. 238. 102. 79.7. 

 Turnips, 41»,5ft'i. 4.fi57. SM. 13a 148J*. 

 Mangels, e7,5i;J. 7J282. 680. 147. 2C2A 



It will be observed that the three grains do not 

 ■how any great ditreronees In the three substan- 

 ees under consideration. For an easy set of fig- 

 ures to keep In the memory, we may say that of 

 ■ large nuralx>r of analyses, the average amounts 

 In round numbers, for the cereals Is, iH'r acre, 

 nitrogen, 50; potash, .SO; and phosphoric acid, 20 

 pounds. The meadow hay has a smaller average 

 weight of dry substance, but a larger per cent, of 

 ■ah than the cereals, and an Increas*) In nltroger. 

 and potash. 



large size and depth of grains. Th» 

 above illustration Is an exact pho- 

 tograph of one hill grown on the 

 seed farm of Samuel Wilson, Me- 

 chanlcsvllle, Bucks county. Pa. 

 This hill, as will be seen, contains 

 three stalks and each stalk two 

 large, full ears, (which is a great 

 peculiarity ot this valuable variety 

 of corn,) was exhibited by Mr. Wil- 

 son at the Pennsylvania State 

 Fair in September, 1884, and re- 

 ceived tlie highest premium over 

 more tlian one liundred samplea 

 of corn on the stalk. The Golden 

 Beauty corn Is a strong, healthy, 

 vigorous grower; stalks medium 

 heieht, very dark, broad, green 

 leal, large ears— 10 to 14 Inches long. 

 Very small cob; deep, broad grain, 

 of a bright golden color. Ripens 

 medium early. Makes the rlcnesl 

 and t)est corn meal, and Is said to 

 outyleld any other variety In culti- 

 vation. We have reports of over 

 140 bushels of shelled corn to the 

 acre the past season. 



MORE A BOUT F LORIDA. 



Bu W. C. Steelf, SwUwTland, Horlda. 



GOLDEN m BEAUTY CORN, 



It VAH ripe witl 

 •r*nit grower, e«r« 

 TmrietioA wo bft7« 

 hftve fbll 'vmfldf'D'^ Iq 

 Blnda of cnr pol^rvrl**- 

 tt^e, kud patirno6 



PLANTING 



yoa will 



■Told thk. 



«kaDO« to b« wl' . _ 



«verT rentier of 



"r ' 



bom (30 

 .__i K 



Mailed (CMllllR 



S»rlT •ubncrlpliin at 

 « Com (30 rN.n(a} 

 Tllfc FAKM AND 



Qoisxs Bkacty Uobln. 

 make upon the soil. But this U about as Ceu- as 

 the chemist can go. He cannot, for example. 

 Inform us, with certainty, where the nitrogen 

 comes from. He cannot tell us why it Is that a 

 clover crop, requiring a hundred pounds of nitro- 

 gen, is a better preparatory 

 A Proliflo Ear- crop for wheat than a ce- 

 Iv Seed Com '^'" """T requiring half as 

 ly oeea v,orn. j„^^,.^^ nitrogen. Such a nues- 

 of needs h«Te tha ftmninn pobiio ^''_'°_.Vif^^^'\!'_ tlon must be answered by 



"'"''""'* the person who has made a 



Corn. Koewlnii ihli. tie Kdltore ot ihl. p»i)«r trnve m»do 

 T»rl«ile«- Thl« 1« Uie vxart troth »h<"a U>» W"'"! " 

 In CurahCTland C^nnlJ N 3 12 mcrefl on JuDP loth, IHM. 

 FCTtdT for ahoi-klnit Septtmber S6. It l« « vl«. 

 well, Ml 1« very proline. It I. the bent of man^ 

 te-led »nl is au exeeilent eorly fleld corn, we 

 It. One fi»ctbUt.r cxprt. (..-.■ hn^ bieu deeply burnt Into the 

 Ing firiniTs — thru i- thiit ynu lorfe money, labor, Uinu, 

 -^j-- II leu [iltint vrorthleMt need corn. ^^^ 



-3^ GEirniNE GOLDEN BEAUTY 



stuciy of the differences of 

 growth and feeding power 

 of the various plants. It Is 

 a good point gained when 

 wo know the composition 

 of a crop, but there are 

 things to be considered In 



V?in ®i = 2f J;S;v,~Vi»riii nrrrn 1 wepropoeetoiji.e Supplying thc soll With tUc 



OUR i^s^i: WONDERFUL OFFER! tbi/,,^ oem . BuLstinds out of which 



ii\"Ji lis 2 Is " tho"!r«hly trM. We ..ot thi. oorn teeM by crops are made. 



r ^*^ .g _, — -^ " - _._,, _^„, -,~,, nno who sends blA ■ 



tbU paper. 11 ehaU rent every 



50 ^nt., only the po«taff© on 



to ohtBin It. Thnt fi !"•"'>" IS^'AJiVlVoKN 



e\l£DKN one year «nd *NE POUJiDOF €OKH 



htna 



BEAUTY CORN. 



NOW SEE ^^^ THIS: 



Bushel %F ^^ 4olden 



The most noticeable difference found In the 

 next group, represented by clover and beans, Is 

 the greatly Increased amount of the "nitrogen, 

 which, In even numbers. Is twice that of the 

 erops In the first group; this fact is easy to 

 remember. The potash Is nearly three times as 

 much, and the phosphoric iK-td is somewhat more 

 than that In the grains and s;ras«es. 



The'flrst thing to be observed in the root crop 

 18 the larger weight of the green crop, which, 

 when compared with the figures of dry weight is 

 Been to be verv largely water. The amount of 

 ash Is greatly In excess of that of the preceding 

 crops In the table, reaching as high as 690 pounds 

 In Uie mangels. The amount of nitrogen Is aiso 

 large, averaging considerably above that for 

 elover. The potash is remarkably high in the 

 turnips, and especially In the mangels, when it is 

 nearly ten times that of the wheat. The phos- 

 phoric acid is also abundant in the mangel crop. 



F^m this table the reader gets a general insight 

 Uto the demands which the various farm orops 



A NEW VARIETY OF FIELD 

 CORN. THE GOLDEN 

 BEAUTY. 



in Bend, fr.-lcht paid bya«,ONE 



As corn is the most Im- 

 portant crop of any grown 

 In the United States, and probably is of more 

 value to the farmer, in a general way, than 

 any other, it certainly is of the highest Importr 

 ance to obtain that kind which will make the 

 most bushels to the acre under the same treat- 

 ment, and be of the greatest value for feeding 

 purposes. Great improvements have been made 

 within the last twenty years on our old-fashlnned 

 eight-rowed and th Ick-cob, shallow-grained, 

 gourd-seed varieties. This ha-s not been brought 

 about by accident or high culture, but by Judi- 

 cious hybridizing and careful selections of the 

 best, earliest, and most productive stalks year 

 after year until the original type has become en- 

 tirely changed, and a variety of superior quality 

 obtained that will produce nearly twice as much 

 per acre as our old-fashioned sorts. 



The best and most productive of any we have 

 yet seen or heard of^ is the " Golden Beautv, 

 which was Introduced a few years ago, and bids 

 fair to outstrip all other kinds of fleld com In 

 productiveness, beautUUl appearance of the ear, 



Since the publication of my let- 

 ters on " Gardening in Florida," In 

 The Fakm and Garden, I have 

 received several letters of Inquiry 

 from readers of the paper. It may 

 he that others would be interested 

 to know something more about the 

 state. 



There Is very little difference of 

 '.pinion as to the desirability of 

 I'lorlda as a winter resort. That 

 it Is as well suited for a perma- 

 nent home, is not so generally ac- 

 knowledged. I cannot with In the 

 limits of this article give the argu- 

 ments which prove this to be a fact. 

 The best way is to come and tee. For 

 the benefit of those who may de- 

 cide to do so, I wish to state a few 

 facts that should be considered by 

 any one who thinks of locating In 

 Florida, before they do so. 



It is not generally known at the 

 North, that there is a strip of ter- 

 rltor>' along the east side of the t^t. 

 John's river, within from twenty 

 to thirty miles of Jacksonville, 

 where oranges and lemons are a>- 

 suctjessfuUy grown as they are 10.' 

 miles farther south. This Is owl nc 

 to water protection on the west 

 and north- west : all our IVoets com' • 

 with cold nortn-west winds. At- 

 the points I speak of, the river i^' 

 from two to four miles wide. ' 



At this place the course of thft 

 river Is such that a north-west wind 

 must cross from ten to twelve 

 miles of water, which Is quite 

 warm, flowing as It doe*, from 

 points 100 to 200 miles farther south. 

 Last winter was the coldest that 

 has been known in Florida lor 

 many years. Orange trees from 

 ■six to eight years old, many of 

 them large enough to have borne 

 fruit this year, were killed to the 

 ground on the west side of the river. On the eurt 

 side, ao trees were killed, and only a very few 

 young trees were Injured at all. At our place, 

 the only signs ot frost were that here and there a 

 twig was touched a little, and dropped its leave*. 

 A few citron trees, the tenderest of all the orange 

 family, lost their leaves. Lemons, though more 

 sensitive to frost than oranges, were not hurt 

 enough to drop their leaves. 



A gentleman from the west side of the river, 

 who visited our place after the culd snap, said 

 that he carried a box of seedling orange trees into 

 the house for safety the coldest night, and jet 

 they froze to death. My nelghboi, whom he was 

 visiting, then took him out and showed him 

 several boxes containing hundreds ol little 8ee<l- 

 ling orange trees that had been out of doors un- 

 protected through all the cold weather, yet, only 

 one of the whole lot was injured. 



One of ttie t>eM thinn' n farmn ean (io if to take a rooa 

 practieol pftprr <m 'anninq. not io-much for hU especia^ 

 hfwM. Indfor hwlnnuli/. They uW prize, it, and vejie 

 tleve you trill loo. A Id your hoyt or girlt logavpa ouo. 

 We ufnild Uke to have a eJub from them... 



INSURE IN THE TRAVELERS, 



OF HARTFORD, €X)NNECTU IT. » 



Oaaraateee weekly Indemnlly lor dlsabhiig sccldenta. 

 wllb prlDClpal Ban. In case of death, at trifling cost. 



AppTv to anv of onr (x)untles.s agents, or the 

 HOait OFFICE at Hartford, ConnectlcnU 



ROSES 



^ GRAPE VINES, and 

 ,di SMALL FRUITS by 



M AULE'S 



CAnaoT at tuRPMSco. 



Gr/VRDEM- 



New catalOfTue for 1Sk,'>, IrM to ill. Best ptitillshert. YeKx 

 ought to liave It. Oon'l tall to itniljoiir addreu on « WIUIW 

 It Co «■. MHRV HAULC. II>-I3I f . fiMl St.. Pklli . Pt- 



