THE FARM AND GARDEN. 



•3 



7%e: eM€nee of milk U rrtctm^ and our eltpplno* are the 

 ram of our rxchange^ 



Make a srrap-book of all thr good tfUnga you read and 

 M uria goon have a valuadle library. 



I "*N!eUion<U Stockman,' Putsburg, Pti. 

 Tke orchard should now receive ibe farmer's attea- 

 tl*n. aud the young trees be put In proper condition to 

 withstand the ncroachnients of mice, rabbits, and other 

 vwmin during the winter Hea-son. Many are the waj-s 

 pr«cti<\Hl to protect the young trees, but none of them 

 sees* to be more auccesHiul than the use of tarred paper 

 or straw wrapped closely around the trunk of the tree. 

 Amother method Is to save the old tin cans, throw them 

 «n the Are untU the solder meJt.s, then pull them open 

 aad bend thera aronnd the youim flrutt trees, pressiuEr 

 the eads down Into the ground. This is very discourag- 

 ing to mice Hud rabbits. There are other things lo look 

 JobesideH pnttecting from vermin. The fall sea.son is, 

 ;perhap6, the In-st time to trim fruit trees and put them 

 vn ^ood shape, the manuring of the orchard is very im- 

 partaal, &3 there is but little land strong enough. 



A-«m ** The Oreen Mouv/ain News." 



A CLIM ATIC M ARVEL. 



Although the vast territory of Alaska measures 1,400 

 «lle« eoe way and 2,200 the other, and its furthest island 

 Is aa tar we«t of San Francisco as that city is west of 

 Bath, in Maine, few people liave any clear idea of the 

 country and ius people. Within the 1,400 miles between 

 ita northern and southern boundaries, there Is chance 

 for a great range of climate, and while the northern 

 >art of the mainland lies within the Arctic circle, and is 

 wrapped in the snow and Ice of polar regions, southern 

 Alaska rejoices in winter that Is not as severe aa that of 

 Maryland or Kentucky. The Isothermal lines make 

 strange curves on the Pacific coast, and, influenced by 

 the warm Japan stream or Kuro-8ino. a mild temperate 

 climate is given to the shores and archipelago of south- 

 western Alaska. As In California, temperature and 

 ciimate depend more upon the distance trom the .nea 

 coast than upon distance from the equator, ami Sitka 

 Bnmmer8are()uitea.s wind v and fog^.but hardly cooler 

 thaa those ot San Francisco. Hiika itself lies In the 

 eaae latitude as Aberdeen, Scotland, and In all the 

 Islands south of It 'here Is much the same climate, 

 accompanied by the corresponding ocean currens as pre^ 

 TBlla oa the west coast of Ireland. Bv the records ofthe 

 Bosslan observatory, maintained at Sitka for fil'ty vears, 

 the thermometer fell to zero only three times' during 

 flhat period. The reports of the commanders of the 

 XJaited States ships during the past four years confirm 

 Uus climatic marvel, and show many other strange 

 ulagsin meteorology. 



-F^rmn "■ Omaha Oyrrmiercial Ape-" , 



A BILLION. 





n ORR'S I OWA SEEDS. 



FOR ALL COUNTRIES. CHOICE NEW SEEDS FOR 1885. 





Grown from the best stock, and sold direct to the planter at reasonable prices, and delivered (with 

 few exceptions) to any post office In the United States, all charges fully prepaid. We oflfer none bS 

 ^; "rfi'If,"' "Jl'^.'.'.'^ll^" ^^'^ -P«^ '■^« "^' care/uliy, select what you want, and send iSs til 



^'^^X^ C. W. Dorr & Co., grS'w'eV 282 Fourth St., Des Moines, Iowa. 



And we will see that you are well served 



COLLECTIONS OF VECETABLE SEEDS. 



voii^X?«h"t^J[pr?rf^'"i?lnn"'^1''°.1^ know just which varieties to Pf-Ie<-t. and will send us the amonnt of money 

 AJ^^eetlbie^sJ^Arrlin^^ the best selections for your locality, and guarantee a liberal quantity of seSI 



excPiit PP^ TWnf «nHnl ^ mail or express to any address. r/iflrp^« pi-epaid through bi/us.at prices named. 

 ^^^^frVh^f^; .f^.'^^-.^o"^^:?/^'.^ larger quantities than packets, which are sent by express or freiglit. at expense 



of nnr.TiR^apr ,,nicl.B 9>{7^,y, .oit;^* qu^iuLi*^ umii pHciteiH, wnicn are sent Dv express or ireigiit. at exc 



w..mr r.^nlr^'i, J^c?^ ^^^^ P^** ''"^''* '*^^ ^^^'^ ^°*' ^*'^'*' ^"^ ^0 ccuts for Oom, Is added to prepay piistage: 

 ^eni papers -y) c^nts per dozen. All 10-cent papers ?1.00 per dozen. Our packets are all well flllid.' *^"^*'- 



Kgyptian Reet. 



Wfcat is a billion? In the French system of notation 

 whlcfa Is also used in the United States, It Ls a thousand 

 ■illUon. But the English system gives the name billion 

 to a aiilllon million. The word is used In the latter sense 

 iB this aritcle. Sir Henry Bessemer, the famous inven- 

 tor, who is in the habit of occupying his leisure with 

 mrious calculatious for the amusement of his grand- 

 cMldren, trie-l to convey some idea of the Immensity 

 eziiressed in this little word. He took it suceesively as 

 a measure of time, of length, and of height. Selecting 

 the second as the unit to be in the first calculatloD he 

 began with the startling assenlon that a billion seconda 

 hare not yet elapsed since the cocumencement of the 

 ^rietlao era— nor, indeed, even the sixteenth part of 

 that number. A billion seconds make 3I.6S7 years, 17 

 dayn, 22 hours, 45 minutes and 5 seconds. In regard to 

 length, he chose for his unit the English sovf reign a 

 coin the size of a half-eagle. A chain of a billion sover- 

 ^as would be louij enough to pass seven hundi*'d and 

 ■Ixty-three times around the globe; or supposing these 

 coins laid side by side, each in contact with its neighbor 



SBuld lorm about the earth a golden zone lifty-wix feet 

 K inches wide^ This same chain, were it stretched out 

 utral^hx, would make a line a fraction over 18,338 435 

 xailes ia extent. For measure of height. Sir Henry 

 «&*se for aait a single sheet of such paper as that upon 

 which the tiondon Ti)ne.i Ls printed— a measure of about 

 one three hundred thirty-third of an Inch In thickness 

 A hillion of these thin sheeta, pressed out flat and piled 

 Tert-ically upon each other, would attain the altitude of 

 vMH Bailes. 



.Awn " Oanadlan Breeder. " 



HOW TO MILK. 



R is not every dairyman who know-i hov to Milk- 

 Mae cannot, and others will not learn. Vast numbers 

 m enod cows are ruined every year by carelessness, by 

 ■eelecl and by brutality of milkers. The manner of 

 Btillcln^, and the circumstances connected therewith, 

 are ofl<*n not understood, not fully appreciat^'d by dairy- 

 mea. I heard two farmers recently comparing the 

 yteld «f luilk from their respective herds lor the past 

 •easoB. The receipts of one were about a third more 

 Miao those the other, and the latter said :— " I cannot 

 OMderstand this; my feed, my water supply and my 

 •ows are as good as yours.'* The reply was :— " Yes hat 

 whea my milkers go to milk, they understand that it 

 meaas business. I will not have a poor milker around 

 at any prices and I talk this over when I hire him, and 

 he naderstands what I will have." It was evident the 

 sabject had a value which carried conviction. The quan- 

 tity of milt that a cow elves, depends much upon the 

 mode, tuue and resularltv or milklni<. Cows do best 

 that have one regular milker, and th.- time of milking 

 ■houtd be carefully attended to, and not be subject to 

 variation from day to day. The udder sliould be bruwhed 

 and In case of any dirt on it should be cleansed by wash- 

 Ine with a cloth and water; for if the uow has been 

 drives throGsh any muddy place and thus become b*^ 

 (imeared. any dirt accid«*ntlv lalling Into the pull will- 

 wmmnnicate ita taint to the milk. Wetting the hands 

 and teat.s with milk betore milking Is a very bad prao- 

 iico. This should always be avoided, both for the com- 

 fort of the animal and the cleanliness of the milk. The 

 millcer should have short finger nails, fbr long nails will 

 besare to hurt the teats and cause Irrltutloa to the cow. 

 There are two methods of milking— The on^ may he 

 called strlnping orcatch'ng the teat betw*>en the fincer 

 and thumb and strlpplui; down the whole length of the 

 *«at. This plan Ls not to be recommended, The better 

 way 13 to grasp the teat, one in each hand, diaffonally 

 aonwe the bag, and press on the milk, the wecond, third, 

 acd faarth flagers dolna the main work, while the upper 

 •crtlouoi the hand and first flnyer prevent the milk 

 from retiirnlnff to the odder: the milk shonld be drawn 

 rapidly, and the odder, completely emptie<l of its con- 

 «nla. Id the flush of the season, or when cows are 

 yteiaiag the moat milk, from eleven to twelve cows per 

 mmxu wtu be about the rate for a competent band. 



9fe <p«n4 a great de^i of time to clip this page for yon. 

 tfts verv cream of theagrlml/vral artiriej* in our e3:rfiangeJi. 

 If* «Ufc t/ou in re^Airn toflU v.p the cUppUig iw enrlme (our 

 fyftaeripCfan htank) ■wUhyour nam^s and one dollar and we 

 ««fll VMtfMi every mwUh the eomij.g i ^m\ 



A8PABAGUS. 



New Mammoth Emperor.— An Kngll.^h variety which, sown side by side with 

 l^oloAMal, hHs prr«iuc-i by fir the thlokcf>t «ta1bH In a riven tlmel Matares 

 roroutUD,- very early. Superior in flavor an.l color to any other varietle.^ now 

 InouJUvaUon. Picket 10 ol^., oz. 25 cUs,, lb-. $1.;&. 



BEANS. 



(Twenty-fire cents per quart mart be added to pay postage when beana are ordered by 

 maiL Per pocket 10 eta., post-paid.) 

 California Branch.— A whlt« field bean growing to the height of IS to 20 Jnchee. 

 brauchiog uot In all directions and bearing the pods bo high that they are not eo apt 

 as the eominon ftorts to touch the ground and be Injured by wet weather A slnele 

 Tlnehan yleldt^d 180 pods. They closely resemble the Navy Bean, and have 

 yieid-xl over i5 banhels lo the acre. The variety le bo prolific that but one plant 

 should be allowe^l u* ^Tuw each 18 or20 Inoheti in the row. the rows being 2H feet 

 apart. Quart40cLd., peck#1.60, bu-ht-1 #5.00. 



<Tolden Wax.— The be«t and most popular of the dwarf bneh beans for gfner^l 

 w^'.>. ''^ ^V" i'**^ aor other ; pods ar« of a very rich waxy<yellow color, 

 onttle and entirely HtrlneleAA. We can beartily rccommund this to all- Quart 

 85 ctfl.. peck #1.75, bushel #^€.00. 



Lemon Pod Wax (newl.— LaUr thun most others, but more handsome than 

 any. Produces an abundanoeof lonu, leinon-ahaded pods, which remain tender a 

 lonar time. Wh -n ripe the Beana are white and of a g«od slie. Quart 40 ctd.. peek 

 1.85, buHhel*M.OO. 



ifte.i 



arffe 



dflloi 



Mammoth Long Red 

 Mangel. 



Danvers Parrot 



Impfx)ved Long Orang 

 Carrot. 



Henderson's HalfDwarf 



La Plume rhestnot I 



CpIitv. 



StoweilM Kv.^rgreen Cora 



-Kone equal this as a fthelled bean. It Is th© moat botlery 

 and dflJoious beau »;rown. Quart 40 eU.. peok $0.60, bushel #10. 

 BEETS. 



Eoyptlan Tnmlp.— The very earUcM and mo«it valoablo B<>et ftw Market 

 Oardeuera in cultivation. It is of a very deeit red, leader and delicious. Packet 

 5 cts., ouaoo 10 CIS.. % lb. 26 cts., lb. 75 eta. 



EcllpBC.— A new, turnip-ahaped beet from Germany whloh ts giving grrat satlsfao- 

 tloo amonff the gardeners on acooont of its wonderftiUy rapid growth, itmall 

 top, and fine qnalltyl pmooib. dwp red Bklii and Ilesh, verv awect and very pro* 

 ductive. PhckPt 5 ots.. ounce 15 cts , H »». 85 ct^., lb. #1.00. 



Mammoth Lonff Red ManseL— The roots grow to an enormoaii idze and 

 are of very sood texture. Ounce 10 cts., \i lb. £5 cts., lb. 76 ets. 



CABBAGE. 



Chase*aExcelMlor.— A maffnlflcent new, medloin early variety, following 

 Hendersons Sumnicr in oloso wuowrtslon. In aiif-tarance It somewhat renembles the 

 FotUer's Brunswick, but mucJi larger. It I.h not (xjualled by any medium.early 

 cabbage we are aoquainn^d with for ttnre, aoUd headlniK, which it muHt be remem- 

 bered, la the highest recommeudaiion lor a Cabbage, which must mature In the trying 

 heat of summer Another reniJu-kaMo Mature is that it never cracks. Planted the 

 la.'^tof Jnly. It I.* an elecant »int<r variety. Market gardeners will find It an aoqutal- 

 tion of decided volac Wc r^-commcnd all to trv It. Our seed is direct from the 

 Introdticc-r. Packet 15 ots., ounce 75 oUi., }i lb. |(l!i.50. 



Premium Flat Dutch.— This is. without doubt, the flne«t winter eabboffe 

 In cultlTuUon. The headt are laripe and solid, of a bluish-green color, slighily 

 tlati-'ued on the top; Is of Hue and well-Havored quality; flret clasH keoptr; sore 

 header. This varletv has been grown and Improved In America einoe before Uie 

 H..'\oluuonary war. The stock we offer cannot be excelled for purity. Packet 10 eta 

 ounce 80 cts., »4 lb. 60 cts., lb. #1.75. *v«.., 



OAKBOT. 

 Danven*.— In the town of Danvera. Mik>-s.. the taislnK of Carrota on an extaoalTe 

 scak- ha.-, for years been quite a buflincsj-. Affr jears of experimenting they nettled 

 upon a variety which oritrlriatM among them (" did the Danvers Onion) known In 

 ihi-ir kxjailiy as the "Dun vers Carrot-*' It Is in form about midway betwicn the 

 I-'.tis OranK-j and Hhort Horn clasa. growing ftencrally with a atnm|i root. Thr irrcat 

 problem in Carrwi growing ii to get the greatest bulk nith the «malle«it KniFth 

 or root, ana this li what tb<; Danvers trower-n have aitalned In their Carrot. I Lder 

 Lhfir cultivation they raise from twenty i" thirty tons to the acre, and at limea 

 evrn larst-r crop^. This Carrot is of a rich, durk orange color, very smooth 

 and handsome, and from its length i^ ea.-.|t-r to diK thau llie Long Orange. It is a 

 flrsi rlH.sH carrot kir any !*oil. Packet 5 cts, ounce 10 ctn.. J^ lb. SO cts.. lb. #1.00. 

 Improved Lon^ Oraniiv— The Htandard sort for field culture, aho d.-^irahlp 

 for iRiit- u-K'. Our slock Is extra flne, bting ttie re->ult of our own careful selec- 

 tion lor a Merles ofyears. It now produces very large, fiue-graiaeil. and e\fn 

 root-1, rich orange color, fine tiavor. Dairymen who feed these carrots will have no 

 need of arliflcial butter oolora. Packets etc,, ounce lOcts., >^ lb. 80cia.,Ib. #1.00. 

 CAULIFLOWEH. 

 Eorly Hnow BalL— The earliest of all; a wure header, and lis dwarf habit 

 and Hhorlonfr lcav.;-i permit It to he plantvd n-i clo^^o aa eighteen inches apart each 

 way. Packet 25 cu, Houuee #1.25, ounce #4.60. 

 CELERY. 

 Henderson's Half Dwarf.— The ravorU4^ market vorlety In New York. 

 Wlien blancficl it U a yellowish whlt«, entirely solid, and |rt>fihCM«ing the rich, 

 nutty flavor peculiar lo ilui dwarf kindH. (if ciori« habit and a vigoroua grower 

 Packet 6 ct-.-, ounce 25 cla.. % lb. 76 ct^., lb. #S.0O. 



Kreamer.— A novelty. This dcllelons c*lcry wa* originated by Mr. Kreamer, 

 one of the iiiost careful and auMesaful Ctkrv growers in the oonntry. It Is the rcault 

 of acAreftil cross, and is one ofthe rery earliest sorts we have evi-r wi-en. 

 coming iQt/> market from the flrat to the middle of June. It Ip never hollow, erows 

 very rapidly, and is oonsequtntlv e.tlremely crisp and tend-r. U Is of a cIo'm,-. com- 

 pact, upright habit ; bkache^ readily and rapidly. In heipht it cwrrcsponds with 

 '■Hemkr-on -t Half Dw.Hrf. " Thi- Haror i-i exqni-^tlclv fine and rich, partaking largely 

 of a mild and delicious walnut taste. M> oflcr this virv desirable novelty With 

 the greatest ajs-urance that H will meet with wonder(\il favor. In padkets only i 

 SiScCs. each. or6 for #1.00. ' 



Ltt Plume Chestnut-— >ew. This is :<iiid to be a masnlflcent, new. half- 

 dwarf, whit^ ci'l.TV. haviug uuconunonly lari;u and solid k'aT-Rtall'.s. which iMjasi-bS a 

 true t'heMtnut flavor, greatly admired by all lovir-* of gnoii cclcrv. It has been 

 produced by long-contlnutyi scleolion. and la a vleorous and rapid grower. 



CaJlturnIa Branch Beaa. 



Golden Wax Beaa- 



Paoket 16 ots.. ounce 50 ots. 



Karlv Snowball 

 CauliHuwBr. ' 



Chickory. 



CHICK ORT. 



] Early Minnesota Cora. 



Iniprove>d N. T. Rgg 



Larffe Rooted.— Used as a substitute for coffee. Take np the roots in the 

 Pall, cut Into -niall pii-cej-, and |iut away lo dry. Uteu wanted for use. it la roasted 

 and ip-ound like eolTcc Pvr packet 5 cts., ounce 10 eta., >4 lb. 80 ota. 

 COR>'. 



(Twenty cents per qnart mn^t be added to pay postf,^ when com la ordered by malL 

 Early Des Moines.— When we firnt brought this variety to the notice of the pub- 

 lic we .lid not autlolpate that it would mo soon bc<*ome as popular umonff mar- 

 ket men as it Hbm, Dotwtthstandlug we were fully aware of Ita snperlorItT over 

 almoyl any variety we had ever seen for aflrHlearly sort. The Earl v Des Mnint's wa> named 

 by as and introduced to the pnbllc In Ih*!, nolwUhsthndlnE we had bein closely watch- 

 ing It for a number of yenrs. It having been grown and improved by aome of the best 

 market gardeners in this vicinity for somethinc; Hk' twenty years. Since we sent it 

 oat in 1881, we have received many fluttcrlufr testimonials of Its great value as 

 nn extra early variety. Ii l- u« early a" miv we have found, with ears much 

 litrKcr than most early M>rr-^; xnitremely delicious flavori very prollllc. We 

 highly ncornmend it for trial, t.'uart 80 cts., peck #S, bushel #6. 



Early Minnesota.— Considered by rnaiiT to be thp best very early variety. 

 Rather dwarf; ears ot good (I'lulity and nnlte lurirc for so early a variety. Quart 

 15 ots., peck #1, bushel #«.r,0. •* » ■> ^ <■ 



Eiryptlan.— This m«gntflc.-nt *aHetv deserves th^ highest praise, which 

 it Fcoelvcs from all who liavi- t^-att-d It— In fn.'t. urn-ihiT v.'ar's experlmc^ with it 

 hart thoroughly <x.uv|nol ub thai i- th-- \*i-*t late i«wett *■• t In the market. It 

 grows to a jpood faelehtf Is very prollfici qoaUty the very utJEhe«t| tuuarpas- 

 sedforswcetneaa. Qnart 15ots.,peo&#l, lmshel#8UMi, 



White Spine Cncumfc*. 



Tlili ativerlluroeiii ol C. 



W. Dorr & C*., Obi Hofoet, Iowa. conialnB tbe most complete Mil ot oood Meds at low orlcei ever aifver*, 

 UMd. It l« conplet«4 e^MiM 13. U. Ift. ao4 16. 



