THE FARM AND GARDEN. 



She Oi^ghai^d. 



THE SHANNON APPLE. 



We give a cut of the Shannon, the prize-taking 

 apple lor the southern division, between 28° and 

 3o° Thi^ apple received twenty-five dollars at New 

 Orleans in three first premiums; one of ten 

 dollars for the finest and best apple; one of ten 

 dollars for the best new apple for that section, 

 and five dollars for the best plate of Shannon. 

 The apple from which the cut was taken was one 

 of the smallest of the premium plate. We got it 

 ourselves in New Orleans for the purpose of 

 making an accurate cut. 



The Shannon originated in Arkansas, not far 

 from Little Rock. It loves a soil full of lime, 

 and does best on a clay loam. The tree is a 

 rapid grower, and has the habit somewhat of the 

 Rhode Island Greening, but does not spread as 

 much as that. The tree is a moderate, regular 

 bearer; bearing evenly through the tree, and a 

 few on the ends of the brandies. The fruit is of 

 a golden yellow color, and resembles the Hunts- 

 man's favorite, of excellent quality, and a good 

 keeper. The specimen for our illustration 

 Wivs sound when cut on March 2d. and 

 would have kept much longer. We found 

 them to keep well on the tables at New 

 Orleans. The form can be seen in 

 our perfect cut, and can be relied 

 on in every particular, as a Shan- 

 non will appear when cut. The 

 cavity often russetti_'(l. Tlie good 

 quality of the Shannon will 

 make it popular where the 

 best fruit is desired. We do not 

 think it wlU be popular in a 

 cold climate. The variety 

 needs a warm sun to bring it 

 to perfection. 



Tiie liural yew Yorker raises 

 the query *' whether the Shan- 

 non is not the Ohio Pippin, 

 grown under a favoralilc soil and 

 climate. We have two trees In 

 our experimental orchard of the 

 Shannon, and find that the young 

 wood is a dark, reddish-brown, as 

 dark as the Ben Davis or darker 

 buds very prominent, and the yAung 

 ■wood as wooly and downy as the Ben 

 Davis." Downing says of the Ohio Pippin ; 

 "Fruit yellow, with mottled red In the sun. 

 Says also of its flavor: *'A sharp, sub-acid, 

 quality good." We find no mottled red in all 

 the specimens we s;iw in New Orleans, nor is it 

 sharp, sub-acid in flavor and the quality we find 

 to be very good, and belongs to the class of apples 

 of which Uie Huntsman may be taken as a type. 



We call attention to our article on Geometrids 

 that injure the apple. The word '* geometrid " is 

 from two Greek words, which mean "earth 

 measurers," as they have the habit in crawling 

 of looping themselves, then lengthening out, as 

 if they were measuring the distance thej- 

 traverse, ratheH- than creeping. They are very 

 destructive. 



It is not too late to graft apple trees, even In 

 blossom, although it is better to graft earlier. 

 When the trees are in blossom the bark parts 

 from the wood very easily, and care must be 

 taken in grafting to cut off the limbs so that the 

 bark will not peel from the wood, or the grafting 

 will be a failure. We gave much valuable infor- 

 mation on grafting in our last number. 



Mr. J. R. McHeile, Winthrop, Dakota, asks 

 for a list of fruits suitable for him in Dakota. 

 We saw some fine apples at the New Orleans Ex- 

 position from Dakota, but we dare not. as yet, 

 recommend a list. We will do so as soon as pos- 



18, I>ady 8. For market, blacks. Concord 17, Wor- 

 den 13, Moore's F^arly !}. Reds— Brighton 11, Dela- 

 ware 9. White— Niagara 17, Pocklingtou G. The 

 reader can learn much from the vote. 



W. W. Jones, in TTie Farmer and Fi-uit Grower^ 

 claims that varieties of apples having large, 

 thick leaves are the hardiest and freest from, 

 mildew, and those that are cottony and wooly 

 on the underside, the most hardy. Those varie- 

 ties with thin leaves are the least vigorous and 

 hardy in Indiana, and are liable to mildew. Of 

 the thick, large leaved, he names as hardy the 

 Minkler, Walbridge, Missouri Pippin, Red Astra- 

 chan Duchess, Snow, Rome Beauty, Ben Davis. 

 Wealthy. *c. Of the thin leaved kinds he men- 

 tions Milan\, Winesap, Rawle's Genat, &c. He 

 also claims that the roots of the thin leaved 

 varieties are not as sound and healthy as the 

 other kinds. 



COMMENTS ON OUR STRAWBERRY ISSUE. 



I am an utter disbeliever in the theory that the 

 pollen affects the size, shape, or flower of straw- 

 berries. The Crescent and Green Prolific are 

 two very peculiarly shaped berries. I 

 have grown them and seen them grow- 

 ing on different soils, and with vari- 

 ous staminate varieties, and they 

 are alwnvs the same. The Cres- 

 cent a.waj's looked as if the 

 end had been cut off", and the 

 Green Prolific always had a 

 very large neck. — W. C. 

 Steele, Switzerland^ Fla. 



Faye's Prolific currant has the reputation of 

 being as good as recommended. The currant 

 seems to grow in popularity. 



Pear orchards set In grass are inuch less liable 

 to blight than when cultivated and freely man- 

 ured. The trees that are the freest growing are 



the first to blight. 



Remember to keep all the suckers that start 

 from the roots of trees removed. They not only 

 make the tree very unsightly, but will Injure its 

 growth. Remove them early and often. 



We dug all the earth away from our apple trees 

 to prevent injury from mice, and have had none 

 harmed at all, while last year, by banking up 

 the dirt, we had serious injury. The shrew mice 

 are the ones that injure our trees. 



J. T. Lovett says that unleached wood ashes 

 can be considered a specific fertilizer for the 

 Strawberry, and pure ground bone a specific 

 fertilizer for the Raspberry ; having never known 

 an instance on any kind of soil when they did 

 not produce large returns in the fruits as named. 



The cold and unusually dry winter has caused 

 a serious damage to the apple trees in Indiana 

 and Illinois, and perhaps other Sta4:es. Dry win 

 ters are as bad for the vitality of trees as the 

 cold. It will rob a tree of its strength very 

 quickly. Unless trees are very hardy the present 

 winter will injure many of them. 



There is the usual statement now being circula- 

 ted that the peach crop is t<» be a failure, that the 

 cold weather has killed all the fruit buds. These 

 statements are made so often there is little depen- 

 dence to be placed in them. The peach crop is 

 not safe until the peaches are as large in diame- 

 ter as one's finger. The dry weather in spring 

 will often caiuse the crop to be very light from 

 continued dropping, caused by dry weather. It 

 is too soon to tell what the poach crop may be. 



{Exa<:t shape and size.) 



siblc. The Farm an"t> Garrex is always sure it 

 is right before it advises. We hope to be able to 

 give a list in season for next year's planting. 



We again advise, as we did last year, the use 

 of potash In the peach orchard. Another year's 

 experience only confirms what we said last year. 

 Our peach orchards need potash, and the yellows 

 will not be any longer a serious drawback to 

 peach growing. Potash will not restore a tree 

 that is injured by the yellows, but will prevent 

 it in all orchards if applied when the trees are 

 set, or better still, before setting. 



In answer to the question put by the Rural 

 Next' Yorker to many of the leading grape grow- 

 ers and horticulturists of the country, "What 

 two each of black, red, and white grapes, are 

 the best for home use, and what two of each for 

 market? " The vote was, the best black for home 

 use, Concord 18, Wordeu 17, Moore's Early 8. 

 Reds— Brighton 17, Delaware 14. White— Niagara 



The notes on raising straw- 

 berries in April number, by 

 Joseph, have .set me sigoing; 

 for the thirty past years I 

 have been engtiged in grow- 

 ing strawberries, and it took 

 nio years to find out that the 

 same berries grown on ditlcr- 

 ent soils were not the saiwe 

 berries at all. I have had thir- 

 teen different kinds of brag berries 

 all at one time, and threw away all 

 but two kinds as worthless on my 

 grounds, which wjis a damp, quick- 

 sand soil. The only kinds that did well 

 were the Triumph de Garnet and the 

 Sharpless, and it was wonderful to sec the 

 crops they bore, and the size they attained. 

 Many other growers have entirely discarded 

 these two kinds as worthless, while I could not 

 raise their favorites to any profit. I therefore 

 advise strawberry lovers to keep trying until 

 they find the kind of berries that fit their soil. 



J. J. Read, Hannibal Oentre, Oiwryo Co., N Y. 



We call attention to our article on Geometrids. 

 It is full and practical; worth a year's subscrip- 

 tion, any way. Wo want to be always ahead, on 

 time, and in season. 



Arenious Acid, common white arsenic, will do 

 well to spray trees for canker worms. It mixes 

 better with water, and will, in time, be largely 

 used. We do not feel prejjared to give the pro- 

 portions, but believe it will be safe to use one 

 pound to 1200 pounds of water. Where the trees 

 are but lightly sprayed, they will bear more of 

 the arsenic, but if done by heavy dreuebings the 

 adhering arsenic, will injure the foliage. Will 

 some of our readers, who have used the white 

 arsenic, write us how they like it, and the proper 

 proportions to use ? 



Mease menlirm THE FARyf AXD GARDEN. 



CURRANTS-RASPBERRIES. 



Chei-ry nnd Versnillaisc iiinstly one vear old plants. 

 Several tbousaiul fxiru No. 1— No. 2. Also a quantitv 

 of Cathbert Rii.*tpbcrf5 Plants. Prices reasonahjp. 

 FHwnrH Harris chiciiequaa fruit farm. 

 cawara narrt^, Moorcetown, Burlington Oo.,n,j: 



I 



NIAUARA WHITE GRAPE. MAELEOEO Easpberr^. 

 H.S.Ain)ESSOH DpionSpnnjp NY. Catalogne/rg' 



183S-1S84. THE LARGEST 



AM> MOST BEAOTII'II, 



EA.FILY PEAR. 



lipeiiiii;; in tViural N-nv Yitrk early la 

 July, aiul sells at highest prices. Send lor 

 hisloryof Origi ul Trt-e. 100 yrs. old. 

 lfc«' lieadquartpvs tor KIKFFER 

 l*earM, PA It K V Strawberries. 



WILSON JINIOU Itlarklxrries, 



MAKliUOKO UaMpbenit's, and (;KAPES. 

 WILLIAM PARRY, Parry P. O., New Jersey. 



GRAPE 



VINKS— Po'keepsie, Red Ulster 

 Prolific. MA<;AKA,and .,lli,r 

 iildandnrir ranef iM.StrawberrieH 

 Blackberries ItlAKl.ROUO Si 

 ■ 7^«^T w^-,.., .u. .. other Raspberries. Oataloeue /Vee 

 JOIil, HOKNKK & .SON, ilferchanlvill?; N. J. 



STR 

 .And nt 



AGENTS 



WANTED 



■ Olllcsl ('>lllhli-.||l(l Hllll 



larsost NrnsKK I l-;s in iNr Shin~. l'M«i>lish.'Cl 

 lft46. EnsinesH (•:i'«il) learnt'il. Km terms, arldre^a 

 W. & T. .S^IITII, I lieva Nmserj, (Jrilevn, N. Y. 



AWBERRIES 



thpr CHOICE SMALL FRUITS. 



GREENHOUSE AND BEDDING PLANTS. 



SKE IT>lXSTRATi:n f'ATAI,Of;|]E. FRKF. 



pen I Mil I CD Rii>*iFwooi> vriisKKrEs, 

 UtU. L. iniLLtn, STOCKTON, ohio. 



BERRY CRATES and BASKETS. 



Cr:il..-v, n.-);niari.- Criitv.^. llrrrT 

 I'.nski;!^. 1ii>rli uls. nii'l pts. ; Peach 

 Biiski'ts nnd GrnpL- Ka.xkt-i.q nil of 

 ih^' ii<:9t d'-simi'i. aiiti tonmifacinrcil 

 of tlir hcRi material In the ln>nl 

 iiiamHT. ■■ The beat Is alnay* ihe 

 clifiipL'-i." Thone wlin want ibe 

 hist , and arc williits ro pav a lair price for thorn. wtU iiiea-;p si-ml for 

 ciri:ulur. UKLik-d 1 cu luj|>]ilicLiuts. J. T. Lovctt, Little SUvm:A\J. 



